Areas of Common Brain Function for Humans

1
Areas of Common Brain Function for Humans
2
Brodmanns Areas Frontal Lobe

• The Frontal Lobe
• cognitive functioning
• speech and language
• Area 4
• pre-central gyrus
• primary motor area.
• Area 6
• pre-motor
• supplemental motor area.
• Area 8
• facilitates eye movements
• visual reflexes
• pupil dilation and constriction.
• Areas 9, 10, and 11
• cognitive processes
• reasoning and judgment
• biological intelligence
• Area 44
• Broca's area

3
Biological Intelligence

• involved in complex cognitive processes
• reasoning and judgment
• biological intelligence
• executive function
• regulates and directs cognitive processes
• Decision making, problem solving, learning,
  reasoning and strategic thinking are all part of
  executive functioning

4
Brocas Area (BA 44)

• Broca's Area
• involved in the coordination or programming of
  motor movements for the production of speech
  sounds
• it is essential for the execution of the motor
  movements involved in speech
• it does not directly cause movement to occur
• The firing of neurons here does not generate
  impulses for motor movement
• that is the function of neurons in the primary
  motor cortex.
• Broca's area generates motor programming
  patterns
• syntax
• the ordering of words

5
Brodmanns Areas Parietal Lobe

• The Parietal Lobe
• somatosensory processes
• Areas 3, 2, and 1
• primary sensory cortex
• primary sensory areas for touch and kinesthesia
• Areas 5, 7, and 40
• Corresponds the presensory to sensory association
  areas
• Area 39
• angular gyrus
• recognition of visual symbols
• "the most important cortical areas of speech and
  language"
• angular gyrus is not found in non-human species

6
Brodmanns Areas Temporal Lobe

• The Temporal Lobe
• processing of auditory information
• semantics
• appreciation of smell
• Area 41
• Heschl's gyrus
• primary auditory area
• Area 42
• detection and recognition of speech
• more detailed analysis than that done in area 41
• Areas 21 and 22
• auditory association areas
• Area 37
• Lesions here will cause anomia
• difficulty with word-finding or naming
• can list the functions of an object and explain
  it meaning, but cannot recall its name

7
Wernicke's Area

• Wernicke's Area
• located on the posterior portion of the superior
  temporal gyrus
• this area plays a critical role in the ability to
  understand and produce meaningful speech
• Early in life more neurons are allocated toward
  Wernickes Area
• If area not stimulated, neurons will be allocated
  for different functions
• Teach your children well!

8
Brodmanns Areas Occipital Lobe

• The Occipital Lobe
• process visual stimuli
• Area 17
• primary visual area
• receives input from the optic tract
• Areas 18 and 19
• secondary visual areas
• integrate visual information
• giving meaning to what is seen
• relating the current stimulus to past
  experiences and knowledge