Clear Exposition of Bhutanese Architecture

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Clear Exposition of Bhutanese Architecture

• Chang Dorji
• Architectural Consultant
• Institute of Language and Cultural Studies,
  Semtokha

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1 General Narratives of Mechanical Arts

• Origin of Mechanical Arts in the world.
• Types of Mechanical Arts.
• Flourishing of Mechanical Arts in the
• Kingdom of Bhutan.
• The Thirteen Arts and Crafts of Bhutan.

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General Background of Architecture

• Origin of Houses in the World, their Needs
• Purposes.
• Introduction to Architecture, and the
• Traditional Designs.
• Origin of Bhutanese Villages Names.
• Integrated Arts of House Construction.

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Ascertaining the Suitability of Site for House
Construction

• Ascertaining the Suitability of Site.
• Remedy for Sadra Outside Inside the House.

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Essential Characteristics of an Artisan and the
House Owner

• Essential Characteristics of an Artisan and the
  House Owner.
• Workforce Employed for Construction and
  Entitlements for Artisan.

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Auspicious and Inauspicious Days for Construction

• Astrology and Construction Works.
• Remedies against Misfortune during Construction.
• Description of Subduing Shezhi at Four Corners.

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Three Resources Soil, Stone and Wood

• Types of Soil, Stone and Wood.
• Types of Timber and Related Proverbs.
• Propitiating Deities before Felling Trees.

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Architects Tools

• Names of Different Tools
• Importance of Having the Tools Blessed
• Narratives of the Lopen.
• Types of Measure
• Narratives of the Accomplishing of
• Measurements.

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Design and Dimension of Houses

• Exterior and Interior Designs of Houses and
• related Auspicious Believes.
• Narratives of Palaces, Dzongs, Goendeys
• Zangdog Pelri.
• Construction of bridges and their Benefits.

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Salang Ascertaining the Suitability of Land

• Narratives of Chhogta Khorlo
• Chart of the Position of Sai Lhamo
• (Goddess of Earth).
• The Practice of Salang Ceremony Installing
• Sachu Bumter.
• Ways of Laying the Foundation Stone.

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Mud Brick Walls and Parshing

• Parshing and the practice of Pounding Mud.
• Explanation of the Parshing Mindu Gyelmo
• Reception of Parshing.
• Ways and Practice of Plastering.

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Door, Windows, Eckra Walls and Stairways

• General Entitlements of a Door and
• Designs of Ceremonial Gates
• The good and Evil Direction of Doors.
• Narratives of Four Tabab Gates.
• Making of Payabs and its Descriptions.
• Making of Stairways and its
• Descriptions.

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Entitlements of Timbers

• Dimensions and Entitlements of Gyed Langna,
  Drezhu and Sadhung.
• Description of Drezhu of Zhelyoe Khang
• Entitlements of Bugden
• Description of Timbers of Large
  Small
• Houses.

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Entitlements of Timber for First Floor

• Entitlements and Order of Preparing Rabsel
• Entitlements of Rabsel Gucha.
• Exterior Design of Lhaii Zhelmed khang.
• Description of kachhen, Zhu and Dhung.

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• Description of Horzhu, Kachung, Tshogyen
  
• Lingo,Horgo Belgo.
• Benefits of Installing different Timbers and
• Naming of Timbers.

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Description of Jabzhi and Thogcha

• Fitting Wooden Shingles and Roofing.
• Difference between Thogcha and Jamthog
• Entitlements of Reldri Khorlo and
• Prayer Flag on Rooftop.
• Entitlements of Sertog Japhib and
• Description of Ridag Gyeltshen.

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Lowering of Parshing and Raising Zurchen

• Preparing Materials for parshing Mindu
• Gyelmo and Zurchen Gyelwai Lodroe.
• Narratives of Zurchen Gyelwai Lodroe.

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Internal Structures and Entitlements for Motifs

• Fitting Chhoesham and its Entitlements
• Installing Kusung Thukten(Supports
  of
• Body, Speech Mind).
• Order of painting the Inner Walls.
• Motifs to Repel Harms from Four Directions.

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• Materials related to Chhoesham.
• Ceremony for Completion of a Hearth.

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Consecration Ceremony

• Ceremony for Salang and Laying of
• Foundation.
• Ceremony for Installing Main Door
• Erecting the Rabsel.
• Consecration Ceremony of a House.

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• Preparation to Enter a New House.
• Prayers of Good Fortune at the
• Consecration Ceremony.

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TASHI DELEK!