Chapter 2 Section 1

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Chapter 2 Section 1

• Europeans Set Sail

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Vikings
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Henry The Navigator (Portugal)
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Route to Asia

• Spices
• Preserve food.
• Make it taste better
• Gold, silver and precious Stones
• Fund wars
• Fund more exploration
• Expand Knowledge
• Expand empires
• Get there first!
• Spread Christianity
• Leaders very religious

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Advances in Technology

• Astrolabe
• Plots the position of the Sun and stars
• Based on time of day and year
• Prior to this dead reckoning was used alone
• Use a known start point to estimate where you are
  based upon speed and direction of travel.
• Caravel
• Lighter, faster and easier to steer
• Triangular sail
• Can sail into the wind

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Sea Route to Asia

• Bartolomeu Dias
• Portuguese navigator
• Cape of Good Hope
• Southern tip of Africa
• Vasco da Gamma
• Portuguese explorer
• Sails to Calicut India
• Establishes Portuguese colony in India

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Results of Portuguese exploration

• Other nations watch with interest
• Water route to Indies established
• Slave trade established
• Will take centuries to end

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Chapter 2 Section 2

• Europeans Reach the Americas

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Columbus

• First European to reach the New World since the
  Vikings
• Self taught navigator
• Landed in the Bahamas
• Thought he was in Asia (Indies)
• He thought the world was smaller
• Impact of Columbus
• Spain and Portugal believed New World theirs
• Pope granted them rights
• This will cause conflict throughout Europe
• Increased interest in exploration by other
  European nations.

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Amerigo Vespucci

• Sailed to present day South America for Spain.
• He believed he was NOT in Asia.
• This was a new uncharted land new World
• German map maker labeled the new lands America in
  honor of Amerigo.

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Ferdinand Magellan

• Sailed for Spain
• He was Portuguese
• Sailed to the Pacific Ocean.
• Crossed the Atlantic to get there.
• His crew the first to circumnavigate the world.
• Magellan was killed before he could complete
  journey.

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The Columbian Exchange

• Exchange of goods and ideas

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