NLCD and MODIS Landuse Processing Tools and Projection Issues in Modeling

1
NLCD and MODIS Landuse Processing Tools and
Projection Issues in Modeling

• Limei Ran and Alison Eyth
• Center for Environmental Modeling for Policy
  Development
• Institute for the Environment
• University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

2
Outline of the Presentation

• Landuse Data
• New Release of Spatial Allocator (SA) 3.5
• Projection Issues in Modeling
• Future Enhancements for SA
• Acknowledgements

3
Landuse Data in WRF and MM5

• USGS Global Land Cover Characteristics (GLCC)
  30-second (around 1km) landuse data are used in
• WRF GEOGRID
• MM5 TERRAIN
• GLCC database was developed from
• NOAA 1km AVHRR satellite images spanning 04/1992
  through 03/1993

4
2001 NLCD and MODIS Landuse Data

• Two new land cover data sets are available
• 2001 30m NLCD for US (Landsat 7 and 5 TM images)
• 2001 1km MODIS for the Globe (TERRA MODIS
  satellite images)
• 30m NLCD data can be obtained from two places
• USGS for US
• 21-classes USGS Land cover data
• Imperviousness
• Tree Canopy
• NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP) for
  coast regions
• 30-classes USGS Land cover data
• MODIS land cover database can be obtained from
• Department of Geography, Boston University
• 20-classes IGBP land cover data

5
2001 NLCD Data
USGS
NOAA
6
2001 NLCD Classification

• 11 - Open Water
• 12 - Perennial Ice/Snow
• 21 - Developed - Open Space
• 22 - Developed - Low Intensity
• 23 - Developed - Medium Intensity
• 24 - Developed - High Intensity
• 31 - Barren Land (Rock/Sand/Clay)
• 32 - Unconsolidated Shore
• 41 - Deciduous Forest
• 42 - Evergreen Forest
• 43 - Mixed Forest
• 51 - Dwarf Scrub
• 52 - Shrub/Scrub
• 71 - Grassland/Herbaceous
• 72 - Sedge/Herbaceous

• 73 - Lichens
• 74 Moss
• 75 - Tundra
• 81 - Pasture/Hay
• 82 - Cultivated Crops
• 90 - Woody Wetlands
• 91 - Palustrine Forested Wetland
• 92 - Palustrine Scrub/Shrub Wetland
• 93 - Estuarine Forested Wetland
• 94 - Estuarine Scrub/Shrub Wetland
• 95 - Emergent Herbaceous Wetlands
• 96 - Palustrine Emergent Wetland
• 97 - Estuarine Emergent Wetland
• 98 - Palustrine Aquatic Bed
• 99 - Estuarine Aquatic Bed

7
MODIS 2001 Land Cover Data
8
MODIS Land Cover IGBP Classification

• 0 - water
• 1 - evergreen needleleaf forest
• 2 - evergreen broadleaf forest
• 3 - deciduous needleleaf forest
• 4 - deciduous broadleaf forest
• 5 - mixed forests
• 6 - closed shrublands
• 7 - open shrublands
• 8 - woody savannas
• 9 - savannas
• 10 - grasslands

• 11 - permanent wetlands
• 12 - croplands
• 13 - urban and built-up
• 14 - cropland/natural vegetation mosaic
• 15 - permanent snow and ice
• 16 - barren or sparsely vegetated
• 17 - IGBP Water Bodies (recoded to 0 for MODIS
  Land Product consistency).
• 254 - unclassified
• 255 - fill value

9
New Release of Spatial Allocator 3.5

• New release is organized into three parts
• Vector Tools to process shapefiles
• Raster Tools to process NLCD/MODIS landuse data
• Surrogate Tools to compute surrogates
• Uses PROJ4.6 to project between spherical earth R
  and ellipsoid
• PROJ4.6 no datum transformation. Matches WRF,MM5
  projections.
• PROJ4.5 or older versions performs datum
  transformation automatically and results in
  mismatches.

10
NLCD and MODIS 2001 Data Processing

• Two steps to generate modeling grid land cover
  data from NLCD and MODIS data
• Pre-process original NLCD data sets to get rid of
  overlaps.
• Compute modeling grid land cover information
  from
• USGS NLCD land cover
• USGS NLCD imperviousness
• USGS canopy
• NOAA coastal NLCD land cover
• NASA MODIS land cover data
• Two output files produced
• WRF landuse NetCDF file
• CSV text file

11
NC 1km Grids, NLCD and MODIS
12
NLCD and WRF Land Cover NC 1km Grids
13
NLCD and WRF Land Cover NC 1km Grids
14
NLCD and WRF Land and Water
15
Projection Issues in Modeling

• Map projection can be
• Forward P(x,y) F Projection,
  Parms(Earth_Model), P(long,lat)
• Reverse P(long,lat) F Projection,
  Parms(Earth_Model), P(x,y)
• Projection LCC, AEAC, UTM
• Earth model (datum) sphere R, ellipsoid WGS84 or
  NAD83, NAD27
• Datum transformation is needed when projecting a
  GIS data set to a projection that uses a
  different earth model.
• NLCD AEAC with NAD83 to LCC with R6370000m

No
Reverse projection to lat/long file in NAD83
Forward projection to x/y file in LCC with R
transform datum?
Yes
Transform to lat/long file in sphere R
16

• Conclusion
• Make sure that spatial data are in WGS84 datum
  (USGS GLCC data).
• No Datum transformation from WGS84 to WRF or MM5
  sphere (PROJ4.6).

17
Future Enhancements for Spatial Allocator

• Develop programs to extract preprocessed GOES
  satellite data for a modeling grid.
• User defined domain to extract GOES data
• Output in WRF NetCDF format
• Add variable grid option to
• Surrogate computation
• BELD3 data processing
• Land cover computation

18
Acknowledgements

• This project is fully funded by US EPA under the
  Contract No. EP-W-05-045, Operation of the
  Center for Community Air Quality Modeling and
  Analysis.
• We gratefully acknowledge the support of William
  Benjey, Jonathan Pleim, and Robert Gilliam from
  US EPA.