Protestant Reformation

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Protestant Reformation

• Martin Luther
• John Calvin
• And other troublemakers

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• New Grading Policy.Your grade will be based on
  the amount of money you can provide me.
• Missing Homeworks will be forgiven for 25 a
  piece
• High marks on tests will be provided for 100 a
  piece
• Please comment on how fair this is as a system.
  Yes. Its fair to me.

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Abuses of the Church

• Allowing Clergy to have families (some bishops
  have many children)

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• Church tries to stop publication of the bible
  into languages other then Latin
• Vernacular Native language of a country or Town
• Luther wants people to be able to read for
  themselves and interpret it alone

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• Selling of Indulgences
• Forgiveness of Sins and gets relatives who are
  dead out of purgatory
• This started to help fund the construction of St.
  Peters Basilica in Rome

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Previous Attempts at Reform..

• Ended badly for Jan Hus and John Wycliff
• Jan Hus was called to a council under a promise
  of protectionwhich wasnt kept
• John Wycliff was dug up and burned posthumously

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• Martin Luther German Monk
• -Key Beliefs
• Individual interpretation of the Bible
• Salvation through faith alone
• Church is a community of believers, not a
  Hierarchy of church officials

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• Luther Posts 95 Thesis on door of Wittenberg
  Cathedral
• Chaos erupts in Germany over his radical ideas

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Why it Works for Luther..

• Reason 1
• Printing Press
• Bibles were being produced rapidly and translated
  copies were rapidly entering circulation
• With Print able to spread his ideas quicker and
  better then any before him, even Luthers death
  wouldnt have stopped it

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Reason 2 Places to hide

• People and Princes were eager to hear these new
  ideas
• People wanted freedom from abuses of the Church
• Princes wanted rich church lands and more
  independence from Rome

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Reason 3 Charles V

• Ruler of the Holy Roman Empire
• Promises to hear out Luther, and grant him safe
  passage to diet of Worms
• Keeps his word, Pope excommunicates Luther and
  calls for his head, but Charles lets him go

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Holy Roman Empire 1517AD
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WAR! 30 years of it
-The Pope Demands Luther be hunted down Peace of
Augsburg An attempt to end the chaos, Charles V
decrees that the religion of the Prince shall
be the religion of his Kingdom
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Religious Warfare

• Thirty Years War 1618-1648 German and French
  Protestants fight for the right to break from the
  church
• Holy Roman Emperor vs. German Princes
• Bloody borderline genocidal conflict (60 of
  population slaughtered in some areas)
• Ended by
• Treaty of Westphalia 1648 Princes may choose
  the religion of their state.

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Questions

• If you were the Pope, how would you have handled
  this to stop it from getting out of hand?
• If you were a German Prince, which religion would
  you choose for your people and why?