Survey of Context Awareness in Ubiquitous Computing

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Survey of Context Awareness in Ubiquitous
Computing
Mainly cited From Chen, K. and Kotz., D, 2000
Korkey-aho, M. 2000

• 2004.09.21
• Kim, Ki-Tai

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Contents

• Introduction
• Context and Context-Awareness
• Schedule
• Context-Aware Researches
• Office and Meeting Tools
• Tourist Guides
• Context-Aware Fieldwork Tools
• Memory Aids
• Conclusion

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Introduction(1)

• What is Context?
• Situational Information
• To characterize the situation of an entity
• Powerful, longstanding concept in human-computer
  interaction
• Makes communication much more efficient
• Categories of Context
• Computing Context computing information
• User Context users information
• Physical Context environmental information
• Time Context such as time of day, week, month

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Introduction(2)

• Context-Aware Computing
• Extracts, interprets, and uses context
  information
• Redefines the basic notions of interface and
  interaction
• Mainly restricted to location-aware computing
• Cause Other contexts are complex to capture,
  represent, and process

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Schedule

• Introduction of Context-Awareness (today)
• Detailed Presentations of Context-Aware Computing
  Researches and Applications
• Active Badge system in Olivetti Research Ltd.
• PARCTab at Xerox PARC
• CyberGuide in Georgia Tech
• Introduction of Context Toolkit in Georgia Tech

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Context-Aware Researches Office and
Meeting Tools
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Active Badge System

• Characteristic
• From Olivetti Research Lab in 90s
• One of the first context-aware systems
• Office personnel wear badges (IR signal)
• Applications
• Call Forwarding
• Automatically forwards
• the telephone calls to the
• destination users nearest
• phone

Figure Locations of the office personnel with
badges
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PARCTab System

• Characteristic
• From Xerox Palo Alto Research Center
• 12 applications
• Applications
• Active Map
• Location information
• (Room number)
• The others
• Some helps the user find the most convenient
  local resources
• e.g. nearest printer
• An application makes ParcTab as a remote control

Figure ParcTab Terminal
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Applications from Georgia Tech

• Characteristic
• Developed with Context
• Toolkit
• Applications
• In/Out Board
• Participants information
• who enters or leaves
• Information Display
• Displays Users location and identity
• Conference Assistant
• Assist conference attendants
• time table, presentation material

Figure In/Out Board
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Context-Aware Researches Tourist Guides
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CyberGuide

• Characteristic
• From Georgia Tech
• Provide information services to a tourist
• Direction
• Background information
• Travel diary (automatically recorded)
• Indoor and Outdoor Version
• Indoor
• Using IR (infrared)
• Outdoor
• Using GPS

Figure Outdoor Cyberguide Screenshot, etc.
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GUIDE

• Developed in Lancaster University
• For Lancaster City visitors
• Using WaveLAN as communication infrastructure
• A tourist comes to a region(cell), then he
  receives information of the region.
• Information provided using
• Fujitsu TeamPad 7600 portable PC
• Java based http browser

Figure Screenshot of GUIDE
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Context-Aware Researches Fieldwork Tools
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Fieldwork

• From University of Kent at Canterbury
• Using PalmPilot and GPS
• Applications
• Archaeological assistant tool
• Giraffe observation tool
• Rhino identification tool

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Context-Aware Researches Memory Aids
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Forget-Me-Not

• From Rank Xerox Research Center
• Stores these contexts in Database
• Where the user is
• Who the user is with
• Whom the user phones
• Autobiographical information

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StartleCam

• From MIT Media Lab
• Composed with
• Wearable video camera
• Computer
• sensing system
• Save Image when the wearer is interested with
• By sensing skin conductivity signal

Figure StartleCam System
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Conclusion

• Context-Aware Computing
• Able to use context information
• Situational information
• Only concentrates identity, time, location
  context
• Mainly restricted in Location-Aware computing
• Cause Complex to capture, represent, and process
  contextual data
• Human-Computer interaction can be improved with
  context information

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Reference

• Chen, G., and Kotz, D., A Survey of
  Context-Aware Computing Research, 2000.
• Korkey-aho, M., Context-Aware Applications
  Survey, 2000.
• Abowd, G. D., et al., Context-awareness in
  wearable and ubiquitous computing, 1997.
• Schilit, W. N. et al., Context-aware computing
  applications, 1994.