THE CHAMBER OF ECONOMY OF TUZLA CANTON

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THE CHAMBER OF ECONOMY OF TUZLA CANTON BOSNIA
AND HERZEGOVINA

• IMPORTANT ECOLOGICAL PROJECT IN TUZLA CANTON
• SEWAGE AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
• ECOLOGICAL PROTECTION OF MODRAC LAKE-REMOVE
  SLUDGE,
• PCBS IN THE ENVIRONMENT,
• LANDFILL LUKAVACKA RIJEKA

Nurudin Žunic, B. Sc. el . Secretary for
energy, mining and industry Emailzunic_at_kpktz.ba T
el38761142100

Budapest, May 2009.
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Administrative, economical and cultural center of
the Canton is Tuzla. Tuzla is one of the biggest
cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina and significant
regional center of this country. It was
established in the area with rich natural
resources which were exploited by inhabitants of
this area long time ago. The industrialization of
this region and development the town has started
with Austro-Hungarian.
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Over 220 milion tons of coal and over 30 milion
tons of salt produced during last 120 years.
The power plant Tuzla (800 MW) to the 2007 year
was produce over 100 bilion kWh, and for this
burn about 100 milion tons, wherein is rest over
25 milion tons fly ash and slag and spend over
250 milion cubic metre of water.
Irrational economical development and suboptimal
investing policy in exercise of coal and salt has
resulted with economical destruction and
deformation of terrain caused by sinking (
estimated damage over 50 milion euros) as well as
air pollution and devastatio surface of land as a
implicationas of mining and water pollution in
Modrac Lake which is very big and difficult
problem .
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• Air pollution the release of chemicals and
  particulates into the atmosphere, very high level
  of carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide and dust,

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Devastatio surface of land as a implicationas of
mining
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Water pollution, contamination of water in lake
Modrac as a implication of mining
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SEWAGE AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT The
infrastructure facilities for draining, dumping
or processing liquid waste do not meet the needs
of the population and businesses, and
particularly the environmental protection
standards. Sewerage generally covers only urban
municipal centres. The percentage of population
making use of the sewerage in bigger
municipalities of the Canton ranges from 20 in
Gradacac to 45 in Tuzla. The municipality of
Gradacac is the only one that has a plant for
filtering liquid waste. The bulk of water used is
directly drained into the rivers Jala, Oskova,
Spreca, Litva and Tinja. Spreca river basin is
the most polluted area in BH and one of the most
polluted from all former Yugoslav
republics. Doboj Istok, Sapna and Teocak
municipalities do not have central collecting
system for the liquid waste. Percentage of
population in other municipalities who are
connected with the central collecting system of
the liquid waste is from 30 in Lukavac till 85
in Kalesija. Rest of population use septic holes
who do not satisfy basic hygienic principles.
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As regards the civil sector, a large amount of
pollutants come from inadequate water
purification systems, especially in the more
rural zones where there are areas not reached by
purification systems. There is the need for
actions focussed at guaranteeing a better
management of water purification. As a general
rule, there is the need for - water network
leaks detection and control systems, - planned
maintenance systems, - Introduction of new
systems to guarantee higher efficiency and
control over water purification, - Reinforcement,
restoration and modernisation of civil and
industrial waters system
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Modrac Lake is used for both industrial purposes
in Tuzla and Lukavac, as well as drinking water
for Tuzla and Lukavac residents.
Modrac Lake, an artificial lake fed by the Spreca
and Turija Rivers, is polluted by untreated waste
from several Lukavac City industrial sites and
domestic sewage from surrounding villages. It is
also polluted indirectly by the Spreca River,
which picks up pollution from the city of Spreca
on its way to Modrac Lake.
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Finally, when the Spreca River floods the
surrounding countryside, particularly when flood
water is combined with Modrac Lake water,
surrounding villages are subject to contaminated
drinking water as well. The effects of pollution
on flora, fauna, and human health are unknown.
Near the Modrac Lake exists coalmine by name
Banovici. Multidecade to bring deposit from
coalmine separation to cause damage in regarding
water quality and reduces amount of water in the
Modrac Lake. Actuality, coal slurry is a fluid
produced when coal is washed with water. Coal
washing reduces the amount of non-combustible
materials (including sulfur) from the coal. Coal
slurry consists of water and fine particles
derived from the coal. Precise chemical
composition of coal slurry is largely unknown and
may be variable. For pollution prevention within
the mening block entry of coal slurry necessarily
change tehnology in coalmine separation. Also,
necessarily started Project of elimination bottom
sludge from Modrac Lake.
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Proposal for collect data about suspicious
locations of PCBs spills in the environment in
Tuzla Canton
A great part of the former Yugoslavia was
recently encompassed by warfare. About 500
electro transformer stations and capacitors in
BH, mostly within Federation, were damaged or
destroyed during the war 1992 1995. There are
no situation maps of E.T.S., types of oils, the
quantity of the oil leaked into the environment,
especially the technical elements on leakage of
oils with PCBs are not known. Electric power
industry by name EPBiH and EPHZHB, the owners of
the most of the damaged transformers (cca 460)
do not have the exact data on the transformer
stations with oils with PCBs, as well as on PCBs
media leakage into the environment. According to
them it is necessary to carry out the detailed
analyses of the damaged facilities in order to
examine if there are PCBs existing.
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PCB contamination of soil samples
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• Nevertheless, it would be necessary to carry out
  adequate
• investigations, to determine geological and
  hydrogeological
• characteristics of cover and bedrock,
  filtrational properties of cover and
• bedrock, hydrogeological functions, hydraulic
  mechanism, depth to
• groundwater, thickness of water horizon, drainage
  area, residence time
• of waters, velocities of groundwater, to perform
  boring of drill holes
• and taking samples of sediments through the depth
  of terrain and in this
• way to contour the dissemination of PCB as
  vertically and also
• horizontally in the space.
• For example, in Bosnian high mountains where
  there were damaged
• and destroyed military communicative relays with
  facilities with
• pyralene and all other places where E.T.S. and
  capacitor batteries were
• damaged or destroyed which could be source of
  various very dangerous
• organic pollutants.

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• Objectives in the future project
• To collect data about damaged and destroyed
  facilities with oil with PCBs and also other even
  more dangerous POPs in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
• Much better determining the hydrogeological fate
  of PCBs and other POPs compounds in the most
  threatened areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina
  polluted with the POPs. Special emphasis will be
  paid for the sensitive karstic media of these
  areas.
• To recognize in the field directly the technical
  state of electro transformers and capacitors with
  pyralene with special attention to spilling of
  this oil into the environment.

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• To sample soil and sediments from the sites
  thought polluted with PCBs and to analyze its
  content.
• To perform the atmospheric monitoring samples
  with POPs in several sites, which are in
  surroundings to the ground argumentative
  contaminated with POPs in Bosnia and Herzegovina
  to establish real data about level of
  contamination of this very important part of
  human ecosphere.
• In the future need provide systematic research
  of contamination of soil and sediments in Bosnia
  and Herzegovina

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landfill Lukavacka Rijeka
The Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina has
received a credit from the International
Development Association (IDA), and intends to
apply part of the proceeds of this credit to
payments under the contract for Initial design
for sanitary landfill Lukavacka Rijeka (Tuzla
region, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina).
Strong social opposition from local community
within the meaning of Not in My Back Yard (NIMBY)
actuality stop the activity on building sanitary
landfill Lukavacka Rijeka as a regional
landfill. In this moment ongoing negotiations
within Government of Tuzla Canton and World Bank
about possibility building inter municipality
(for 2 or 3 municipality) landfills instead one,
so called regional landfill.