Hofstedes Cultural Dimensions and

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Lecture 3

• Hofstedes Cultural Dimensions and
• National Culture
• http//www.clearlycultural.com/geert-hofstede-cult
  ural-dimensions/

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Levels of Culture

• National
• Regional / Ethnic / Religious / Linguistic
• Gender
• Generational
• Societal
• Organizational

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Geert Hofstedes Cultural Dimensions

• Power-Distance
• Individualism-Collectivism
• Masculinity-Femininity
• Uncertainty Avoidance
• Long-term Orientation

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Power-Distance

• The extent to which the less powerful members of
  a society accept and expect that power is
  distributed unequally.

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Power Distance Dimension
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Individualism-Collectivism

• The degree to which individuals are integrated
  into groups
• INDIVIDUALISM
• Emphasis on self vs. social group
• COLLECTIVISM
• Emphasis on social group vs. self

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Individualism Dimension
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Masculinity-Femininity

• The extent to which gender roles in a culture are
  expected and clearly defined
• Emphasis on
• assertiveness materialism
• vs.
• relationships leisure time

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Masculinity vs Femininity
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Uncertainty Avoidance

• The extent to which a society feels
• threatened or is comfortable by
• uncertain and ambiguous situations

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Uncertainty Avoidance Dimension
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Long-Term Orientation

• New Dimension to developed to describe the
  differences between East and West cultures

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Long-Term Orientation Dimension

• Short-term orientation
• Personal steadiness and stability
• Protecting your face
• Respect or tradition
• Reciprocation of greetings, favors, and gifts

• Long-term orientation
• Persistence
• Ordering relationships by status following this
• Thrift
• Sense of shame

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Cultural Dimensions Scores for 64 Countries
http//www.clearlycultural.com/geert-hofstede-cult
ural-dimensions/power-distance-index/
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