Review of French Revolution Napoleon and the

1
Review of French RevolutionNapoleonand the

• Congress of Vienna

2
Causes of French Revolution

• Inequality among the three estates
• Poverty
• Food shortages
• Financial debt
• King not in tune with the people
• Enlightenment ideas equality, freedom

3
Events in the Revolution

• Meeting of the Estates General
• Tennis Court Oath
• Storming of the Bastille
• Great Fear
• Formation of the National Assembly
• Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the
  Citizen
• Meet until a constitution is written

4
Events in the Revolution contd

• Formation of groups Jacobins, Girondists, Plain
• Reign of Terror
• The Directory
• Napoleons rise to power and downfall

5
France under Napoleon

• Proclaimed a new republic but was dictator
• Centralized the government
• Established public schools
• Created the Bank of France
• Required all citizens to pay taxes
• Created the Napoleonic Code
• Concordat of 1801 freedom of religion

6
Building an Empire

• Named himself emperor
• Created the Continental System to prevent trade
  with Britain
• By 1812 controlled most of Europe
• Many countries united to defeat Napoleon at
  Waterloo (Belgium)
• Napoleon lived rest of life on the island of St.
  Helena

7
Forms of Government in France

• Absolute monarchy
• Republic
• The Directory
• Dictatorship under Napoleon

8
Congress of Vienna 1814-1815

• Led by Prince von Metternich Austria
• Opposed liberalism, nationalism, and defended
  absolute monarchy
• Prevent Napoleon and his heirs from gaining
  control of France
• Prevent revolutionary movements from taking hold
  in Europe
• Three principles of meeting
• Compensation repayment for fighting the French
• Legitimacy restore power to the royal families
  of Europe
• Balance of power no country would be allowed to
  dominate Europe

9
Results of the Meeting

• Redistributed land gained by Napoleon
• Great Britain received islands in the West Indies
• Austria parts of Italy and 39 states in Germany
• Russia most of Polish territory
• New countries established the Netherlands from
  parts of Austria
• Created buffer states (neutral lands around
  France)
• Switzerland independent and neutral
• Established monarchies as best form of government
• Restored monarchs in France, Spain, Portugal, etc.

10
Results continued

• Alliances formed (Concert of Europe)
• Quadruple Great Britain, Austria, Prussia, and
  later France
• Holy Alliance (Austria, Prussia, Russia)
  created by Czar Alexander I of Russia
• Goal cooperation among Christian rulers
• The Pope and Great Britain did not join