Sexual Health Day 3

1
Sexual HealthDay 3

• The Students will be able to
• Explain stages of conception
• Map out stages of pregnancy
• Discuss aspects of parenting

2
Day 3 - agenda

• Attendance (5 min)
• Turn in Final Exam Questions (5 min)
• ???s from last class (15 min)
• Notes / Questions / Discussion (55 min)
• Exit question (10 min)

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
3
Day 3 - Questions

• With a partner, jot down three questions or
  things you were confused about from the previous
  class.
• Next, you will join another partner group to
  share questions and possible answers.
• Put a star next to any questions your group
  members were not able to answer and turn them in
  to the question bin.

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
4
The Beginning of the Life Cycle

• Once a couple has decided to start a family, they
  may try to conceive, or get pregnant.

• In a fertile womans body, about once a month an
  egg enters one of the fallopian tubes and begins
  its journey to the uterus.

• If the egg is on its way to the uterus, a sperm
  may fertilize it. This moment of fertilization is
  also called conception.

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
5
Fertilization
The Beginning of the Life Cycle

• Only a few hundred sperm of the hundreds of
  millions that enter the vagina usually make it to
  the egg, and only one can fertilize it.

• In the first week after fertilization, the
  fertilized egg undergoes many cell divisions and
  travels to the uterus.

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
6
The Zygote
The Beginning of the Life Cycle

• The united egg and sperm is called a zygote(ZY
  goht).

• Within 36 hours, while the zygote is still
  traveling through the fallopian tube, it begins
  to divide.

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
7
Cell Division
The Beginning of the Life Cycle

• The original cell divides to make two cells.

• The two-celled embryo divides into four cells,
  and so on, until the embryo is made up of dozens
  of cells.

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
8
The Blastocyst
The Beginning of the Life Cycle

• From the two-cell stage until about nine weeks
  after fertilization, the growing structure is
  called an embryo (EM bree oh).

• About five days after fertilization, the
  structure, called a blastocyst (BLAS tuh sist),
  is no longer a solid mass of cells, but a sphere
  of cells surrounding a hollow center.

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
9
Implantation
The Beginning of the Life Cycle

• Once the blastocyst forms, it begins to attach
  itself to the wall of the uterus.

• The process of attachment is called implantation.

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
10
Cell division
Blastocyst
Zygote
Fallopian tube
Fertilization
Ovary
Implantation
Uterus
The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
11
PlacentaThis structure lines part of the wall of
the uterus during pregnancy and nourishes the
embryo with substances from the mothers blood.
Wall of uterus
Amniotic fluid
Amniotic sacThe amniotic fluid contained in this
sac cushions the embryo from shock and helps keep
the embryos temperature constant.
Umbilical cordAn umbilical cord carries
nutrients and oxygen from the placenta to the
embryo, and carries wastes away.
Cervix
Vagina
The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
12
Development in the Uterus

• While the embryo grows, several other structures
  also develop.

• These structuresthe amniotic sac, placenta, and
  umbilical cordprotect and nourish the developing
  embryo, and later the fetus.

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
13
Amniotic Sac

• Soon after implantation, a fluid-filled bag of
  thin tissue called the amniotic sac (am nee AHT
  ik) develops around the embryo.

• Inside the sac, the embryo floats in amniotic
  fluid.

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
14
Placenta

• The attachment holding the embryo to the wall of
  the uterus develops into a structure called the
  placenta.

• Within the placenta, oxygen and nutrients move
  from the mothers blood into tiny blood vessels
  that lead to the embryo.

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
15
Umbilical Cord

• About 25 days after fertilization, a cordlike
  structure called the umbilical cord (UM BIL ih
  kul) develops between the embryo and the
  placenta.

• Blood vessels in the umbilical cord carry
  nutrients and oxygen from the placenta to the
  embryo and wastes from the embryo to the
  placenta.

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
16
The Growing Embryo

• During the first two months of development, the
  major body systems and organs start to form in
  the embryo.

• By the end of eight weeks, the embryo is about an
  inch long and has recognizable external features.

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
17
The Fetus

• From the third month until birth, the developing
  human is called a fetus.

• During the third to sixth month, the fetus begins
  to move and kick.

• By the end of the ninth month, the fetus is ready
  to be born.

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
18
The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
19
The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
20
Monitoring Tools

• Ultrasound High-frequency sound waves, or
  ultrasound, are used in most pregnancies to
  create an image of the developing fetus.

• Chorionic Villus Sampling Around the eighth week
  of pregnancy, some women will undergo a test
  called chorionic villus sampling, or CVS.

• Amniocentesis Another test that may be done
  around the fourteenth to sixteenth week of
  pregnancy is amniocentesis (am nee oh sen TEE
  sis).

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
21
Complications

• Ectopic pregnancy In very rare cases of ectopic
  pregnancy, the blastocyst implants in the
  fallopian tube or elsewhere in the abdomen,
  instead of in the uterus.

• Miscarriage The death of an embryo or fetus in
  the first 20 weeks of pregnancy is called a
  miscarriage.

• Preeclampsia Also called toxemia, preeclampsia
  (pree ih KLAMP see uh) is characterized by high
  blood pressure, swelling of the wrists and
  ankles, and high levels of protein in the urine.

• Gestational Diabetes Diabetes that develops in
  pregnant women is called gestational diabetes,
  and is marked by high blood sugar levels.

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
22
Identical Twins

• Twins that develop from a single fertilized egg,
  or zygote, are called identical twins.

• Because they develop from identical embryos,
  identical twins have the same inherited traits
  and are the same sex.

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
23
Identical Twins
A sperm fertilizes a single egg.
Identical twins result.
Early in development, the embryo splits and forms
two identical embryos.
The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
24
Fraternal Twins

• Sometimes two eggs are released from the ovary
  and are fertilized by two sperm.

• Fraternal twins are no more alike than any other
  siblings, and they may or may not be the same sex.

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
25
Fraternal Twins
Two different sperm fertilize two eggs.
Fraternal twins result.
Each of the fertilized eggs develops into an
embryo.
The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
26
The Birth Process

• A certified nurse-midwife is a nurse who is
  trained to deliver babies.

• The birth process begins when the muscular walls
  of the uterus begin a series of contractions that
  will push the fetus out of the mother.

• Birth takes place in three stages

• labor

• delivery of the baby

• delivery of the afterbirth

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
27
Labor
The Birth Process

• The work performed by the mothers body to push
  the fetus out is called labor.

• Labor for a first child may last from about 2 to
  24 hours or longer.

• Near the end of this first stage, the amniotic
  sac breaks, and the cervix becomes softer and
  wide enough or the fetus to pass through.

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
28
The Birth Process
The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
29
Delivery of Baby
The Birth Process

• Stage two involves the actual birth, or delivery,
  of the baby.

• This stage can take from half an hour to more
  than two hours.

• Once the baby is out

• the doctor clamps and cuts the umbilical cord

• the babys nose and mouth are suctioned

• eye drops are put in the babys eyes

• an injection of vitamin K is given

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
30
The Birth Process
The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
31
Delivery of Afterbirth
The Birth Process

• The third stage involves contractions of the
  uterus that push out the placenta, also called
  the afterbirth.

• This stage typically takes about 15 to 30 minutes.

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
32
The Birth Process
The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting
33
Day 3 Exit Question

• We will go around the class and have each person
  share one thing they learned today and why that
  fact stuck in their mind.

The Students will be able to Explain stages of
conception Map out stages of pregnancy Discuss
aspects of parenting