Title

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APF ApproachesExamples
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Hazards-based approach
Climate-driven problem Projected and/or observed
increases in rainfall amount intensity increase
likelihood of landslides/mudslides in mountain
areas
Types of intervention Improve housing (quality
position) in high risk settlements (reduce
vulnerability) Introduce regulation to prevent bu
ilding in high-risk areas (policy intervention)
Analysis Hazard Map risk of landslide event base
d on local streamflow, soil type, inclination,
topography. Vulnerability (including exposure) M
ap vulnerability based on proximity of
settlements to unstable slopes, land use
practices, quality/position of housing (e.g.
poverty, existence of informal housing).
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Vulnerability-based approach
Climate-driven problem Increased probability of t
ropical storms making landfall along extensive
stretch of coastline (e.g. southern Brazil - new
tropical storm hazards?)
Types of intervention Vulnerability reduction R
etrofit housing Build storm shelters Protect nat
ural buffers Relocate infrastructure Raise publi
c awareness Install early warning systems Policy
intervention Zoning, protected areas New devel
opment away from exposed low-lying areas
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Adaptive capacity approach
Climate-driven problem Increased rainfall variabi
lity unpredictability on a range of timescales,
high uncertainty as to sign of future change.
Types of intervention Increase adaptive capacity
by increasing available adaptation options
Credit Crop livestock options Reduce vulnerab
ility to increasingly unpredictable onset of
rains Seasonal forecasts Remove (e.g. institutio
nal, policy) barriers to adaptation
Review agricultural policies, subsidies,
incentives for maintaining status quo
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Policy-based approach
Climate-driven problem Reduced rainfall leading t
o reduction in flows of major river providing key
water resources for multiple countries in shared
basin.
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Existing baseline maladaptation
Development with attention to existing/historical
risks associated with climate variability
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Projected baseline adaptation
Existing baseline
Projected baseline
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Leap-frogging development with adaptation
Projected baseline
Additionality is about Additional MEASURES needed
May be completely new or expansion, modification
of existing measures Additional COSTS required t
o support these measures
PROPORTONALITY In terms of adaptation funding,
additionality is about the COSTS associated with
delivering the ability to cope with emerging /
anticipated climate change, as opposed to
reversing existing maladaptation.