Anthelmintic plants and herbs

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Anthelmintic Plants Herbs

• Dr Shifa Ul Haq

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Ideal Anthelmintic Agent

• Broad Spectrum of Action
• High cure rate with single dose
• Free from toxicity to host
• Cost effective
• But no synthetic agent meets all requirements

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Why need a new anthelmintic

• Resistance of parasites to the common drugs
• High costs
• Side effects
• Availability

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Anthelmintic plants herbs

• Synthetic medicines are very effective in curing
  diseases but also have many side effects.
• Although less efficient, but herbal plants are
  relatively free from side effects.

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Myrrh

• Myrrh is an aromatic resin obtained from various
  plant species of genus Commiphora
• Its a safe and effective treatment for
  fascioliasis and schistosomiasis at 10-12
  mg/kg/day for 6 days

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Ocimum Sanctum Linn.

• Its also known as Sacred Basil. The essential
  oil contains eugenol, ß-caryophyllene, and other
  monoterpenes. The plant showed potent in vitro
  anthelmintic activity.

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Melia azedarach L.

• Native to India, China and Persia.
• The extract were tested against tapeworm and
  earthworm. Efficacy were found to be even better
  than piperazine phosphate against tapeworm.

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Artemisia annua

• Also known as sweet wormwood, sweet annie, sweet
  sagewort.
• Artemether, a methyl ether derivative, has proven
  efficacy against S,haematobium, S. japonicum and
  S.mansoni.
•  

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Carica papaya Linn.

• Papaya contains benzyl isothiocyanate as major
  anthelmintic agent. The extracts were tested on
  nematodes (Ascaris lumricoides Ascaridia
  galli). The compound affect energy metabolism and
  motor activity of parasites.

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Nigella sativa L.

• Along with anthelmintic activity its digestive,
  carminative, diuretic and astringent activities.
  Contains thymoquinone, a-Pinene as active
  ingredients. Shows anthelmintic activity against
  tapeworm and hookworm.

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Moghania vestita

• Its a leguminous root crop
• White root tubers are usually eaten raw
• Has a reputation as an anthelmintic
• Genistien, the active ingredient, successfully
  tested against various trematodes and nematodes
  has shown good results.

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Juglan nigra Tansy

• Juglans nigra (black walnut) and tansy used
  particularly in treating nematodes infestation,
  especially enterobiasis.
• Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) is most common
  cosmopolitan parasite.

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Mimusops elengi

• An evergreen tree found in South Asia, Southeast
  Asia northern Australia. Commonly known as
  Spanish cherry, medlar, and bullet wood.
• Plant used as Astringent, Cardiotonic,alexipharmic
  , stomachic, and anthelmintic
• Tannins of the plant cause uncoupling of
  oxidative phosphorylation.

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Punica granatum Linn.

• Root and stem bark of the plant used as
  astringent anthelmintic. Alcoholic extract of
  the plant inhibit transformation of eggs to
  filariform larvae of Haemonchus contortus. It
  also shows efficacy against nematodiasis.

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Thymus vulgaris

• Thymus vulgaris is a species of flowering plant
  in the mint family.
• Shows a great efficacy in treating hookworm
  infestation at a dose of 2-3ml extract three
  times a day.
• Hookworm infect more than 1 billion people
  worldwide.

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Some other anthelmintic plants and herbs

• Ferula asafoetida
• Embelia ribes
• Picrasma excelsa
• Chenopodium ambrosioides
• Echinacea purpurea
• Ginkgo biloba
• Asparagus L.
• Trifolium repens
• Ficus insipida
• Cucurbita maxima
• Trachyspermum ammi