Spinal Cord Injury & Treatment

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What is a Spinal Cord Injury?
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Spinal Cord Injury Overview
A Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is damage or trauma to
the spinal cord that results in a loss or
impaired function causing reduced mobility or
feeling. Common causes of damage are trauma (car
accident, gunshot, falls, sports injuries, etc.)
or disease (Transverse Myelitis, Polio, Spina
Bifida, Friedreich's Ataxia, etc.).
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What is the Spinal Cord.?
The spinal cord is the major bundle of nerves
that carry nerve impulses to and from the brain
to the rest of the body. The brain and the spinal
cord constitute the Central Nervous System. Motor
and sensory nerves outside the central nervous
system constitute the Peripheral Nervous System,
and another diffuse system of nerves that control
involuntary functions such as blood pressure and
temperature regulation are the Sympathetic and
Parasympathetic Nervous Systems.
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Causes to Spinal Cord Injury

• Sports and recreation injuries Athletic
  activities, such as impact sports and diving in
  shallow water, cause for about 8 percent of
  spinal cord injuries.
• Motor vehicle accidents Auto and motorcycle
  accidents are the leading cause of spinal cord
  injuries, accounting for more than 40 percent of
  new spinal cord injuries each year.
• Falls Spinal cord injury after age of 65 is
  caused by a fall. On the whole, the falls cause
  more than one-quarter of spinal cord injuries.
• Alcohol The use of Alcohol is a factor in about
  1 out of every 4 spinal cord injuries.
• Diseases Cancer, arthritis, osteoporosis and
  inflammation of spinal cord could cause for the
  spinal cord injuries.

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What are the Effects of a Spinal Cord Injury?

• The effects of SCI depend on the type of injury
  and the level of the injury. SCI can be divided
  into two types of injury
• Complete Injury
• Incomplete Injury
• A Complete Injury
• A complete injury means that there is no
  function below the level of the injury no
  sensation and no voluntary movement. Both sides
  of the body are equally affected.

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What are the Effects of a Spinal Cord Injury?
An Incomplete Injury An incomplete injury means
that there is some functioning below the primary
level of the injury. A person with an incomplete
injury may be able to move one limb more than
another, may be able to feel parts of the body
that cannot be moved, or may have more
functioning on one side of the body than the
other. With the advances in acute treatment of
SCI, incomplete injuries are becoming more common.
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Treatments to Spinal Cord Injury

1. Medications Methylprednisolone renders itself a
   treatment option for an acute spinal cord injury.
   If methylprednisolone is given within eight hours
   of injury, some people experience for the mild
   improvement. Also it appears to work by
   decreasing damage to nerve cells and lessening
   inflammation near the site of injury.
2. Surgery The surgery is necessary to remove the
   fragments of bones, foreign objects, herniated
   disks or fractured vertebrae that seem to be
   compressing the spine. Also the surgery may be
   needed to stabilize the spine to put off the
   future pain.

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