footing

1
CHANDRAVATI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
FOUNDATIONS(WORKING DRAWING)
PRESENTED TO
PRESENTED BY
Puneet sharma Rajkumar Sanjay kumar Ravindra pal
singh Satyabhan
Mr. Narendra singh (H.O.D. civil department in
C.G.I. bharatpur)
2
INTRODUCTION TO FOUNDATIONS
Function of a foundation is to transfer the
structural loads from a building safely into the
ground. A larger and heavier building of
masonry, steel, or concrete would require its
foundations to go deeper into earth such that the
soil or the rock on which it is founded is
competent to carry its massive loads.
3
Foundation Components
4
(to attach wood stud sill plate)
(moves water away from building)
(to keep water off of foundation wall)
(separates slab from foundation wall)
(to keep water off of slab)
(to keep water off of slab moisture barrier)
(moves water away from building)
5
Site Preparation

• Remove trees and any debris
• Remove top soil (4-6 below surface)

6
Site Layout

• Ensure lot lines are known setbacks are
  complete
• Layout building perimeter
• Use batter boards
• Establish building corners building perimeter

7
Excavation

• Excavate foundation along line created by batter
  boards
• Excavate remainder of soil inside perimeter
• Dont excavate inside soil if slab on grade

• If deep foundation, taper edges to prevent
  collapse
• If soil unstable, or very deep - use shoring

8
Pour Footings

• Construct formwork (if required)
• Install reinforcement (rebar) for footings
• (protrudes above footing to tie-into foundation
  wall)

• Pour concrete footings
• Smooth / finish surface

9
TYPES OF FOUNDATION
Major Building Parts
Superstructure Substructure Foundation
10
TYPES OF FOUNDATION
Two types foundations Shallow and Deep
Depends on whether the load transfer is at
deeper depths or shallower depths - Need for
these two types (soil strength, ground water
conditions, foundation loads, construction
methods and impact on adjacent property)
11
TYPES OF FOUNDATION
Shallow foundations (column footings without or
with tie/grade beams, individual or combined wall
footing, slab on grade, raft) - Deep
foundations (caissons with or without sockets,
end bearing or friction piles, pile groups), made
of concrete (regular or site-cast) or steel or
wood
12
Shallow Foundations

• Requirements
• Suitable soil bearing capacity
• Undisturbed soil or engineered fill
• Basic types or configurations
• Column footings
• Wall or strip footings

13
Combination Spread Strip Footing
14
Shallow Foundations
Stepped strip footings Grade Beams
///
///
\\\
15
Deep Foundations - Purpose
Transfer building loads deep into the earth

• Basic types
• Drilled ( poured)
• Driven

16
Pile material

• Steel H- piles, Steel pipe
• Concrete Site cast or Precast
• Wood Timber
• Composite

17
(No Transcript)
18
(No Transcript)
19
(No Transcript)
20
(No Transcript)
21
(No Transcript)