Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Best in India

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Pediatric Cardiac Surgery at Best
Hospitals in India
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Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
Paediatric Heart Surgery in India with the Best
Paediatric Heart surgeons in India is what you
would want if your little one is suffering from
any heart ailment. India affiliate Paediatric
heart surgeons in India are among the top
paediatric heart specialists and offer best in
paediatric heart care. Affordable Pediatric Heart
Surgery in India at Best Cardiac Hospitals with
Top Pediatric Cardiac Surgeons in India
Pediatric Cardiac Surgery often deals with heart
problems in children, the cause of congenital
heart diseases which are common heart ailments
among new born children and involves deficiencies
like structural defects, congenital arrythmias
and cardiomyopathies, which result in different
kinds of abnormalities related to the heart.
Congenital heart disease is a cause of improper
growth of the heart or blood vessels before
birth.
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Major Types of Cardiac Defects in Children -

• ASD- Atrial Septal Defect ASD- Atrial Septal
  Defect refers to a hole in the septum that
  separates the right and left atrium. This results
  in mixing of pure and impure blood. Depending on
  the size of the defect, the symptoms may range
  from no symptoms to bluish discoloration of the
  body, increase pulmonary blood pressure and
  irregular cardiac contractions (arrhythmias).

It is corrected by open heart surgery. The
sternum is split in the midline. Arterial and
double venous (superior vena cava and inferior
vena cava) vessels are clamped. By applying
cardiopulmonary bypass (heart lung machine), the
aorta is clamped, and the heart is temporarily
paralyzed by a solution. The right atrium is
opened and the defect is sutured. 
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• Ventricular Septal Defect - Ventricular Septal
  Defect is a hole in the wall between the right
  and left ventricles of the heart, which usually
  develops before birth. This defect can lead to
  right and left ventricles working quite hard
  leading to their failure. Blood returning to the
  heart from the blood vessels backs up into the
  lungs, causing pulmonary congestion, and further
  backup into the body, causing weight gain and
  fluid retention. Small VSDs' are symptomless and
  closed spontaneously as the child grows, but the
  large VSDs' cause symptoms like difficulty in
  breathing and feeding, poor growth and pallor.
  The symptoms occur due to the increase in size of
  the right ventricle (right ventricular
  hypertrophy) and increase in pressure inside the
  lungs (pulmonary hypertension).

• Fallot's Tetralogy - It is the most common
  congenital heart defect in children. The defect
  results in mixing of pure and impure blood. It
  comprises a combination of four defects- right
  ventricular hypertrophy (increase in the size of
  right lower chamber), ventricular septal defect
  (whole in the wall between the two ventricles),
  abnormal position of aorta (aorta is on right
  side of heart instead of the left) and pulmonary
  stenosis (narrowing of pulmonary valve opening
  which prevents outflow of blood from right
  ventricle).

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Double Valve Repair and Replacement
Valves are openings between two chambers and also
between a chamber and artery which allows
unidirectional flow of blood. The patency of
these valves is very important for normal flow of
blood. The function of mitral valve (between left
atrium and left ventricle) and the aortic valve
(between left ventricle and aorta) is very
important.
If these valves get narrowed, the amount of blood
passing from left atrium to left ventricle
(mitral valve) or from left ventricle to aorta
(aortic valve) is drastically reduced. In this
case the heart will pump blood harder to push it
through the narrowed valves. But the blood will
tend to go upwards back into the pulmonary vein
and finally to the lungs.
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How is the Surgery Performed ?
Open heart surgery It is done under general
anesthesia. Firstly an incision is made through
the breastbone. Then some tubes are used to
re-route the blood through a special pump called
a heart-lung bypass machine. This machine keeps
the blood warm and adds oxygen to the blood and
it keeps on moving through the rest of the body
while the surgeon is repairing the heart.
Thoracotomy This Procedure is used for some type
of heart defect repairs, wherein the incision is
made on the side of the chest, between the ribs.
It is also called a closed-heart surgery. This
surgery is done with the help of special
instruments and a camera.
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