Fungi

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A Presentation on Fungi

• Presented by
• Farhana suvro

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Fungi are eukaryotic, spore-producing,chemohetero
trophs which reproduce by sexually or
asexually.Egyeast,mold etc.-fungi included in
kingdom fungi-study of fungi called
mycology(Greek mykesmushroomlogosdiscourse)
Common ancestor
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Characteristics of Fungi

• Eukaryotic (having membrane bound nucleus)
• Lack chlorophyll (photosynthesis not occurred)
• Cell wall contain chitin
• Having 80s ribosome
• Having thallus shaped have no tissue.
• Cell membrane contain sterol(Ergosterol)
• Mostly Multicellular
• -Exception yeast(unicellular)
• Heterotrophic by secreting enzyme in environment
• Reproduction (both sexually Asexually)
• Stored food glycogen

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Classification of Fungi
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zygomycota
chytridiomycota
Basidiomycota
Glomeromycota
Ascomycota
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Classification of Fungi

• Chytridiomycota
• -predominantly aquatic
• -flagellated zoospore
• Zygomycota
• -produce diploid zygospore
• -common mold
• Glomeromycota
• -Exhibits symbiosis
• -live in roots of land plant
• Ascomycota
• -contain ascus(resembles cup)
• -produce antibiotic
• -also called sac fungi
• Basidiomycota
• -contain basidium(resembles club)
• -most common fungus mushroom

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Morphology of Fungi
Mycelium
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Morphology of Fungi

• Consist of long filaments of cells joined
  together.
• These filaments called hyphae(singular
  hypha,structural unit of fungi)
• Hyphae grow form mycelium(favorable
  environment)
• Have no tissue, having thallus shape.
• Hypha contain cross wall called septate hypha.
• Hypha contain no cross wall called coenocytic
  hypha.
• Portion of hypha contain nutrients called
  vegetative hypha
• Portion of hypha contain reproductive part called
  reproductive/aerial hypha.

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Reproduction of Fungi
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Reproduction of Fungi

• Asexual Reproduction
• -Does not involve karyogamy meiosis
• -producing asexual spore
• -completed by binary fission budding
• -Both process produce genetically identical
• daughter cell.

Budding
Binary fission
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Sexual Reproduction

• -producing sexual spore.
• -involved plasmogamy(a haploid donar
  cell()
• penetrates the cytoplasm of a haploid
  recipient(-)cell
• -involved karyogamy(fusion of two
  nuclei() (-)
• to form diploid zygospore)
• -involved meiosis(redution division which
  produce 4
• daughter cell from 1 parent cell.

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Importance of Fungi in Genetic Engineering
Biotechnology

• Saccaromyces cerevisiae (yeast) used as model
  organism in the study of genome analysis
• Yeast contain plasmid used as vector.

yeast
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