CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN OF MULTI STOREY BUILDING

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CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN OF MULTISTOREY
BUILDING

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INTRODUCTION

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Projects Undertaken

• 1. Construction of residential building (escape)
• 1.1 Excavation, Layout and Foundation
• 1.2 Column layout, shuttering and casting
• 1.3 Slab, Beam shuttering and casting
• 1.4 Important Components
• 2. Introduction to bonded slab post tensioning
• 2.1 Post tensioning
• 2.2 benefits
• 2.3 Tendons and stressing

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Projects Undertaken

• 3. Design of building component
• 3.1 Formwork design
• 3.2 Staircase design
• 3.3 Deep Beams
• 3.4 Slabs

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PROJECT 1 CONSTRUCTION OF MULTISTOREY BUILDING
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Excavation, Layout and Foundation

• Excavation is a process of making trenches by
  digging up of earth for the construction of
  foundations and basements.
• Excavation level at escape site is 219.825 mm
• Excavation is done by the JCB on the hourly basis
• After the excavation the surface is leveled
  called surface dressing
• Layout is done on the PCC poured over leveled
  surface.
• Column and foundation (raft ) steel is then laid
  as per drawings.

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Points to take care-

• layout should be checked properly.
• Check any difference between architectural and
  structural drawings regarding location of column.
• After excavation check the stability of temporary
  structures built near the excavated ground.
• Before laying raft reinforcement, shuttering
  wall which is mainly brick wall should be built
  and should be filled with soil on other side.
• Check the direction of chair bars in the raft

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EXCAVATION
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LAYOUT
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RAFT FOUNDATION
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COULMN CASTING

• On the raft the column layout is done.
• Layout for starter.
• The column ties and link bars are provided as
  per column reinforcement drawings and general
  specifications.
• Displacement of main bars should be provided
  with L bar
• The plumb of formwork should be checked.
• Height of cast should be calculated accurately.
• Avoid caps as far as possible.

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LAYOUT , PEDESTAL STARTER
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LINKS TIES
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PLUMB FORMWORK, CASTING,CURING
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SLAB, BEAM SHUTTERING CASTING

• beam bottom is first laid on the column and then
  slab formwork is laid
• After the reinforcement, the slab is checked for
  steel as per drawings and level required.
• A camber of 5 mm in provided in the center of
  slab.
• Casting of slab should be discontinue at l/3 from
  the support.

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SLAB STAGES
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IMPORTANT COMPONENTS

• Key in column
• Water bar
• Binding materials
• Expansion joint

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KEY IN COLUMN

• since the height of column is very large, hence
  it is not possible to cast the column at one
  time, to cast the column later the key is made at
  the junction so that the proper bond between the
  old concrete and new concrete is formed.

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KEY IN COLUMN
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EXPANSION JOINT

• Since concrete is subjected to volume change.
  Provision must be made to cater for the volume
  change by way of joint to relieve the stresses
  produced.
• Expansion joint is function of length
• Buildings longer than 45 m are generally provided
  with one or more expansion joints.
• Material used as expansion joint material is
  armour board whose thickness is 25 mm.

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EXPANSION JOINT

• Expansion joint material, size is 25 mm
• Expansion joint in building

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WATER BAR

• Water bar is provided in the retaining wall o
  that the moisture cant move from the soil to the
  joint. Water bar is basically provided at the
  constructions joints of retaining wall of two
  different towers

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WATER BAR
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BINDING MATERIALS

• Since the thermal expansion of concrete is
  different from that of masonry. The interface
  between the concrete and the masonry is liable to
  crack. To avoid this crack the chicken wire mesh
  is used to avoid the crack and also provides the
  better grip for Masonry with concrete.
• Similarly when the drainage pipes are laid along
  with the outer wall then again the connection
  between the pipe and the wall has different
  coefficient of temperature change hence they are
  joint to the concrete by lead keys.
• In the toilets and kitchen sunken portion the
  joints in any case are packed by water proof and
  non shrinkable material.

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BINDING MATERIALS

• Chicken wire mesh between brick masonry and
  concrete
• Connection of pipes with concrete
• Chicken wire mesh in conduits through concrete

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WATER PROOFING

• Water proofing has remained as an unsolved
  complex problem
• Use of plasticizers, super plasticizers,
  air-entraining agents helps in reducing the
  permeability of concrete by reducing the
  requirement of mixing water, hence can be also be
  regarded as waterproof material.
• Some of approved water-proofing compound by the
  company
• are- pidilite, cico, fosroe, baushimine,
  unitile.
• Water-proofing cement paint- super snoweem

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WATER PROOFING

• Water proofing in sunken portion of kitchen and
  bathroom
• WP in sunken portion at ground level
• WP in retaining wall

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WATER PROOFING IN GARDEN AREA

• For water proofing in garden area the soil is
  first leveled and then rammed to achieve the
  maximum density
• The PCC is then laid down mixed with tape Crete
  (a water proofing compound)
• After PCC the plaster of fibrous material is
  done.
• the bituminous sheets are laid by heating it with
  the welder. On those sheets the drainage pipes
  are laid down with suitable slope and these pipes
  are covered with geo-fabric sheets.
• Again the plaster is done. On the plaster the 40
  mm aggregates are laid.
• On the aggregate the geo-fabric sheets are laid
  down on which the sand is placed on the sand
  the soil ,along with fertilizers, is placed on
  which the gardening is done for the non tower
  area.

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WATER PROOFING IN GARDEN AREA

• Sandy soil
• PCC mixed with tape Crete (water proof compound)
• Texas (bitumen) sheet
• Drainage pipe
• 40 mm aggregate
• Geo-fabric sheet
• Sand

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PROJECT 2 BONDED SLAB POST TENSIONING
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INTRODUCTION/BENEFITS

• Post-tensioning is a method of reinforcing
  (strengthening) concrete or other materials with
  high-strength steel strands or bars, typically
  referred to as tendons
• allows longer clear spans, thinner slabs
• lower overall building height for the same
  floor-to-floor height.
• allows a high degree of flexibility in the column
  layout, span lengths and ramp configurations

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POST TENSIONING
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PLACEMENT OF TENDONS

• Positioning and fixing of casting and block-outs
  to the edge formwork or construction joint
  formwork
• The support bars shall be prepared in advance.
• Lay tendons according to tendon layout in
  accordance with the drawings.
• Fix tendons to correct profiles with support
  bars and chairs and the tendons are made with
  provisions for grouting using grout using grout
  vents and grout hoses
• Prepare installation report for every
  installation as per the enclosed format.
• tolerance of tendon profiles is recommended as
  follows
• vertical 5 mm (at lowest and highest points)
• Horizontal 100 mm

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PROJECT 3 DESIGN OF SHUTTERING
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LOADS ON FALSEWORK

• Loads on Falsework are any combinations of the
  following
• Dead loads,
• Imposed loads,
• Environmental loads,
• Incidental loads during erection and operation,
  and
• Lateral pressure.

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DIFFERENT LOAD DATA

• Self load shall be determined by either actual
  measurement or in accordance with IS 875 (Part
  I) the unit weight of wet concrete including
  reinforcement shall be taken as 26 kN/m².
  However, in absence of the data, load may be
  assumed as 500 N/M2 for the purpose of initial
  calculations .
• Loads during constructional operation shall
  constitute the imposed loads see IS 875 (Part 2
  ) Where allowance has only to be made for access
  and inspection purposes, a loading of 750 N/m²
  should be adequate
• The lateral pressure due to fresh concrete
  depends on the temperature of concrete as placed,
  the rate of placing of concrete and the concrete
  mix proportion
• Wind loads should be taken for design in
  accordance with IS 875 (Part 3 ) subject to a
  minimum horizontal load equal to 3 percent of the
  vertical loads at critical level.
• Snow loads should be assumed in accordance with
  IS 875(4) . The maximum density of ice may be
  assumed to be 900 kg/m³.

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OUTPUT OF EXCEL SHEET(DOFW)