Oil Degrades of Biokem - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Oil Degrades of Biokem

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Lubricant degradation has negative effects on system lubrication and for example, hydraulic system pressures; these problems can result in serious consequences for the equipment performance and reduce reliability leading to breakdowns. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Oil Degrades of Biokem


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Oil Degrades biokem
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  • When oil is used in a machine, the oil will
    degrade slowly during use over a period of time,
    depending on the type of lubricant, operating
    temperature, operating conditions and the
    physical environment.

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  • Lubricant degradation has negative effects on
    system lubrication and for example, hydraulic
    system pressures these problems can result in
    serious consequences for the equipment
    performance and reduce reliability leading to
    breakdowns.

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  • New lubricants are a formulation of base oil and
    chemical additives. Lubricant additives are
    present to counteract the majority of ill effects
    that contaminants cause.

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  • Oil Refiners (Shell, Exxon-Mobil, etc.) produce
    base oils that can be categorised into groups
    which gives an indication of its oxidation
    characteristics. Where longer life is required,
    Group II, Group III and Group IV base oils are
    used by lubricant manufacturers.

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  • The Group of oil used is determined by the
    Original Equipment Manufacturers recommendations
    to satisfy the OEM requirements for equipment
    service and warranty purposes.

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  • Lubricant additives play a critical role in
    preventing lubricant degradation. The additives
    are essentially sacrificial in their role of
    protecting the base oil because the additives
    will degrade first while minimising any
    degradation to the base oil molecular properties.

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  • After additive content is consumed by operational
    forces, the integrity of the hydrocarbon base oil
    becomes compromised because it is no longer
    protected by additives. At this point lubricant
    oxidation and the consequent tell-tale
    discolouration commences.

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  • In short, the modern lubricant has been designed
    and formulated to meet the harsh operating
    environment of modern equipment. Contaminants can
    unbalance the lubricant and can result in less
    than optimum performance in its duty, increasing
    equipment damage which can ultimately lead to
    breakdowns.

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Types of lubricant additives include
  • Antioxidants (anti-oxidation) Antiwear
    agents Viscosity index improvers
    Rust/corrosion inhibitors Demulsifiers
    Extreme pressure additives Antifoam agents
    Detergents/dispersants

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Additive depletion and oxidation
  • Antioxidant additives are the key to extending
    your lubricants remaining useful life by
    significantly limiting lubricant degradation from
    occurring, but antioxidants are depleted in the
    process.

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  • Being sacrificial, antioxidants deplete first
    before the base oil begins to oxidise and studies
    have shown that once 70 of the antioxidant
    additives in new oil have been depleted, physical
    changes within the lubricant begin to occur.

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  • The resulting lubricant oxidation increases the
    lubricant viscosity, Total Acid Number (TAN) and
    the formation of sludge and varnish.

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  • By monitoring the antioxidant content of
    lubricant, Biokem detects additive depletion in
    advance and prevents lubricant oxidation,
    thickening and acid and varnish formation.
  • The additive depletion and oxidation reaction is
    accelerated by a number of factors, primarily
  • High operating temperatures
  • Moisture contamination
  • Particle contamination

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High Operating temperatures
  • High operating temperatures in the form of
    mechanical and thermal energy both produce heat
    which will accelerate lubricant degradation. Heat
    generated by operating equipment is unavoidable,
    but excessive heat will lead to increases in the
    consumption of antioxidant additives. The rate of
    lubricant oxidation doubles for every 10C rise
    in operating temperature above 100C.

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Moisture contamination
  • Water contamination adversely affects the
    lubricants by acting as a catalyst for oxidation
    and causes rapid additive depletion. Water will
    react with many oil additives, fracturing the
    additive into two or more chemical fragments.
    Water also promotes rusting, corrosion and filter
    plugging. Common sources of water contamination
    are heat exchangers and seal leaks, condensation,
    inadequate reservoir covers and temperature drops
    that lead to dissolved water becoming free.

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Particulate contamination
  • Particulate contamination occurs in many forms
    within in-service oil, causing abrasive wear,
    fatigue and erosion. Additional contamination is
    evident whenever dirt particles circulate through
    the system at high pressure and at high speed.

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  • Airborne dirt particle contamination is a major
    contamination source. Light enough to float in
    air these particles can be introduced in exposed
    reservoirs as the oil level goes down. Oil
    reservoirs with levels that change frequently are
    most at risk to large amounts of dirt and
    airborne contamination. This is commonly how new
    oil delivered from oil companies becomes
    contaminated.

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  • Particulate contaminated lubricant provides
    reduced lubricating properties and increases
    friction that results in heat generation.
  • During oxidation, polymerisation causes sticky
    molecular structures, commonly referred to as
    sludge. Sludge is a resinous like substance
    that is darker in colour and leaves deposits
    throughout the entire lubrication system. Sludge
    is often why lubricant will darken during its
    time in use.

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  • With sludge molecules being microscopic in size,
    the molecules are not removed by some traditional
    filter systems. Combined with their sticky
    molecular structure and corrosive effect,
    lubricant sludge will directly affect the
    reliability and efficiency of all systems it is
    found within.

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  • Oxidation by-products cause more oxidation,
    starting a cycle where the more by-products are
    present, the faster oxidation accelerates.
    Quickly the level of oxidation will reach a point
    where the lubricant becomes destroyed by a change
    in its molecular structure and must be replaced
    with new oil.

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Preventing lubricant Oxidation
  • Rapid lubricant degradation will occur when the
    additive quantity falls below critical level, at
    this point the rate of oxidation will increase
    due to the lubricant not having enough additives
    to counteract oxidation.

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  • The PROPEL Oil Management process includes
    monitoring of active antioxidant additive to
    determine the level of lubricant remaining useful
    life ( RUL), moisture contamination and
    particulate cleanliness level.

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  • By lubricant condition monitoring and renewal,
    additive levels do not deplete below critical
    levels, preventing lubricant degradation and
    waste. PROPEL Oil Management will renew lubricant
    to as good as new specification (or higher)
    before oxidation occurs, preventing costly
    lubricant replacement.

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  • PROPEL Oil Management Professionally Renewed
    Oil Prolongs Equipment Life.

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  • To know more information, visit us

http//www.biokem.com.au/
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