Complete Helminthes for Medical Students

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Medically Related Helminthes

• WORMS
• IMEC INC.

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CESTODES

• Tapeworms are a group of parasitic worms that
  live in the intestinal tracts of some animals.
  Several different species of tapeworms can infect
  humans. Tapeworm disease or cestodiasis occurs
  most commonly after eating raw or undercooked
  meat or fish that contains the immature form of
  the tapeworm.

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Tapeworm (Taenaisis)

• Tx for tapeworm is Praziquantel/Niclosamide
• If it is Cystericosis, another form that comes
  from direct contact with dog feces Albenzadole is
  required

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TREMATODES (Fluke)

• Schistosoma is the most important parasite to
  human. Snail are the host, cercariae penetrate
  the skin causing granulomas of the spleen and
  liver, and sometimes the bladder
• Tx for this is Praziquantel

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Nematodes

• Roundworms
• There are a variety of Nematodes of interest Many
  are not indigenous to the United States. But may
  be very indigenous to developing third world
  nation

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Ancylosoma Duodenele

• Hookworm, rhabditiform larva is a larvae that
  penetrates the skin.
• THIS CAN CAUSE SEVERE ANEMIA
• Tx Mebendazole/Pyrantel Pamoate

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Ascaris Lumbricoides

• Eggs are usually visible in feces
• CAUSES A SEVERE INTESTINAL INFECTION
• CAN ALSO BE FOUND IN RESPIRATORY TRACT
• Tx Mebendazole/Pyrantel Pamoate

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ENTEROBIUS VEMICULARIS

• Also Known as PIN WORM
• Causes-Food comtaminated with eggs-
• Manifests with intestinal Infection causing anal
  pruritis
• TX Mebendazole/Pyrantel Pamoate

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Trichinella Spiralis

• Undercooked meats, especially pork
• Trichella can invade muscle, also can cause
  peri-orbital edema
• Males-1.5 cm FEMALES- 4cm
• TX-Thiabenzadole

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Strongyloides Sterco Thread Worm

• Larvae in Soil penetrate the skin
• Inflammation of Intestinal Mucosa
• TX- Ivermectin-Thiabendazole

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Dracunculus medinensis

• The Dragon Of Medina
• Found in drinking water, cause severe skin
  inflammation and ulceration
• TX- Niridazole

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LOA- LOA

• Transmitted by Deer fly
• Causes swelling of the skin
• Can see worm in conjunctiva of the eye
• TX Diethylcarbarmazine

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Onchocerva Volvulus

• KNOWN AS RIVER BLINDENESS
• Transmitted by blackflies
• Widely spread through Africa and Arabias
• Tx - Ivermectin

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Wuchereria Bancrofti

• Causes ELAPHANTITIS
• Blockage of lymphatic vessels
• TX- Diethylcarbamazine

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