Steering systems

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MDARIF I DDhananjay Rao

• By

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Types of Steering SystemgtMechanical
Steering,gtHydraulic power steering
AndgtElectric Power Steering
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• Mechanical steering

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• Mechanical Steering was introduced in worlds
  first car it was invented by Karl Benz and
  Daimler

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In 40s 50s in big vehicles there was no power
steering.It was difficult to drive Big vehicles
like, Buses,Trucks
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• Tractors

• Truck

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Hydraulic Power Steering System Components
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Working of Hydraulic Power Steering
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Advantages Disadvantages Advantages1. easy
to turn big vehicles in low speed, Disadvantages
1. oil leakage,2. back stroke,3. more
maintenance,4. less mileage.
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Electric Power Steering
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What is Electric power steering system ?

• Electrically powered steering uses an electric
  motor to drive either the power steering
  hydraulic pump or the steering linkage directly.
  The power steering function is therefore
  independent of engine speed, resulting in
  specific energy savings.

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Electric power steering system

• Hydraulic power steering system uses hydraulic
  pump Which is run by electric motor.
• Where as, in EPS system electric motor is
  directly attached to steering rack via gear
  mechanism (no pump or fluid)

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Electric Motor Location Types

• COLUMN TYPE
• PINION TYPE
• RACK TYPE
• DOUBLE PINION TYPE

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EPS system consists of-

• Torque Sensor
• E C U ( Electronic Control Unit )
• Electric Motor
• Reduction Gear

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Operational Mechanism Of EPS
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Classification of EPS

• The E P S system literally means that steering
  operation is entirely done by electronic
  /electrical means and no mechanical linkage
  exists between steering wheel and steered rod
  wheels.
• Basically two formations are possible, they are,
• Using Steering Wheel Control
• Using Joystick Control

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Electronic Control System

• Sensors
• Positive Sensors
• Digital Positive Sensors
• Speed Sensors
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• E C U ( Electronic Control Unit )
• Actuators
• Power Supply

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Construction and Working
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Construction and Working (Contd)
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Comparison between EPS and HPS

• Simple in Design
• Lighter in Weight
• Require less maintenance as hydraulic fluid is
  not used
• Gives better responses at different speed
• Because of less problem faults thus, it is
  durable than H P S
• More mileage

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ADVANTAGES

• Increased reliability
• Improved fuel economy
• As hydraulic fluid is not needed it is
  environment friendly
• Simplify Design
• Using joystick only one hand is sufficient to
  drive the vehicle
• Self-diagnostic systems makes maintenance easy
  and cheap
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APPLICATIONS

• E P S can be incorporated into all passenger car
  and truck platforms. Since this system is compact
  and lightweight, it finds wide application in
  sports cars. Similar type of system is employed
  In India on Maruti-Suzuki Versa Van, ZenVXI, and
  Wagonr LXI etc.
• Electric power steering can be found on the
  Acura NSX (Which was the first production car
  with this feature), the Honda S2000, Toyota Prius
  and Toyota RAV4,plus numerous. GM models
  including 2004-2009 Chevrolet Malibu, 2005-2009
  Chevrolet Cobalt and Equinox, 2006-2009 Chevrolet
  HHR, 2005-2009 Pontiac G6 (except the
  convertible, GTP and 2007 GT models), 2006-2009
  Pontiac Torrent, 2007-2009 Pontiac G5, 2002-2009
  Saturn VUE, and 2003-2008 Saturn 10N.

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