Liver Transplant in India

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• Deepam Meditours
• (Medical Tourism Company)

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What is a Liver?

• Liver is the largest organ in the body located on
  the right side behind the rib cage. 
• The Liver holds 13 of the bodys blood supply.
• It performs several important functions of the
  body viz. convert food into energy, regulating
  blood clotting, making bile, and breaking down
  toxic substances such as drugs and alcohol. 
• It acts as a filter, removing impurities from the
  blood.

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Symptoms for Liver Transplant

• Itching
• Increased tendency To Bleed
• Forgetfulness And Confusion
• Abnormal storage of fluid known as Ascites in
  the abdomen area.
• Blood in Vomit
• Gray colored Stools
• Dark Colored Urine (tea colored) 
• Jaundice 

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Diseases that may Progress to Liver Transplant

• Acute hepatic necrosis When tissue in liver
  becomes dead.
• Biliary Duct Atresia Absent or abnormally
  developed bile duct.
• Metabolic disease. Conditions that affect the
  chemical activity in cells that are affected by
  the liver.
• Liver cancer. Tumor developed inside the liver.
• Autoimmune hepatitis. Liver cell damage and
  destruction due to chronic inflammation in liver.

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What is Liver Transplant?

• Liver transplantation is a viable treatment
  option for end-stage liver disease and acute
  liver failure.
• A liver transplant is a surgical process in which
  the diseased liver is replaced with a healthy
  liver.
• It is the second most commonly transplanted major
  organ after kidney.

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What Percentage of Donor Liver is Used?

• If the Live Donor Liver Transplant recipient is a
  child, only a portion of the left part of the
  liver is removed from the donor about 25 of the
  donor's total liver.
• If the Live Donor Liver Transplant recipient is
  an adult, a larger portion of the liver needs to
  be removed from the donor, usually the right
  portion of the liver about 60 of the donor's
  total liver.

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Where Does a Liver for a Transplant Come From?

• Living Donor -
• Living and active person
• May be a blood relative, friend or spouse.
• Donor health must be stable enough to undergo
  transplantation with excellent chances of
  success.

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• Cadaveric Donor - 
• Is a brain dead person but the heart is alive
• Patient is on advanced life support system.
• The Donor needs to undergo some tests to make
  sure that the tissue type and the blood type must
  be compatible with the recipient.
• This reduces the chances of rejection of the
  organ by the body.

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Liver Donor Criteria

• Good health
• Between 18-60 year old
• Liver size must be similar or bigger size than
  that recipient.
• Blood type should be same or compatible with
  recipient
• Donor must undergo some test.

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Required Tests before a Liver Transplant?

• Pre-transplant tests are done to evaluate the
  severity of the liver disease
• Doppler Ultrasound test is carried out to find
  out if the blood vessels coming from and going to
  the liver are working properly. 
• Pulmonary Function Study is done to
  determine whether the lungs are able to exchange
  carbon dioxide and oxygen or not.
• Echo-cardiogram test is also done to get
  a detailed evaluation of the condition of
  the Heart.

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• Computer Tomography test uses the X-rays and
  computer generated images to determine shape
  size of the liver.
• Blood tests to determine various symptoms and
  ability of blood like clotting ability, blood
  type, AIDS and Hepatitis detection and
  biochemical status of the blood is done. 

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Liver Transplant Complications

• Infection in liver transplant recipients is
  usually seen 1-2 months after transplantation.
• Rejection usually occurs in the first 1-2 months
  after the transplantation

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Graft Rejection

• Hyperacute Rejection
• Happens within a few minutes to a few hours after
  the transplant has been done.
• Caused by anti donor antibodies which are
  performed and characterized by the binding of
  these to antigens on vascular endothelial cells.

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• Acute Rejection 
• Does not happen immediately after transplant but
  after days or weeks of the procedure.
• It is the primary and most common target of the
  immunosuppressive agents.
• Chronic Rejection
•  After one year of surgery any signs or symptoms
  are indicative of chronic rejection.

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What are the signs of Rejection?

• The rejection Preventing drugs are the main
  reason for any kind of side effects among
  patients who have undergone a liver transplant.
• Rejection can cause
• Nausea
• Diarrhea
• Fluid Retention
• Increased Blood Pressure
• Headaches

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During Surgery

• Liver transplant surgery usually take from 6
  hours to 12 hours
• During the operation, doctors remove the diseased
  liver and replace it with the donated liver. 
• The average hospital stay after surgery is about
  2 weeks.

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Post Transplant Care

• After liver transplantation, the patient must
  visit the transplant surgeon frequently, about
  1-2 times a week over about 3 months.
• To Check whether the new liver is functioning
  properly or not they conduct blood test
  for testing various conditions in the blood
  quality. 
• Eating a healthy diet containing fresh vegetables
  and less fats and oils.
• Exercise
• No Alcohol

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Why Choose India

• India has become the leading destination for
  Liver Transplant for patients across the globe.
• Skilled and well trained surgeons
• Experienced consultants in all allied specialties
• World class infrastructure in many private
  hospitals ( OTs, ICUs, Radiology etc )
• Affordable cost

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