Emergency 1975: Must Know Facts

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Emergency 1975 Must Know Facts
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• Emergency was in effect from 25 June 1975
  until its withdrawal on 21 march 1977
• President fakhruddin ali ahmed declared
  emergency under article 352(1) of the
  constitution for internal disturbance.

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Government had cited threats to national
security, as a war with pakistan had recently
been concluded. It was one of the most
controversial periods of independent indias
history.
PM indira gandhi stucked to the advice of her son
sanjay gandhi, whose own power had grown
considerably over the last few years.
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Siddhartha shankar ray, the then chief minister
of west bengal, had proposed to the prime
minister to impose an internal emergency.
The proposal was sent without discussion with the
union cabinet, who only learnt of it and ratified
it the next morning.
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President fakhruddin ali ahmed declared a state
of internal emergency upon the prime ministers
advice on the night of 25 june 1975.
Invoking article 352 of the indian constitution,
gandhi granted herself extraordinary powers.
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Government used police forces across the country
to place thousands of protestors and strike
leaders under preventive detention.
Vijayaraje scindia, jp, raj narain, morarji
desai, charan singh, jivatram kripalani, atal
bihari vajpayee, l. k. advani, satyendra narayan
sinha and other protest leaders were immediately
arrested.
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Organizations like the rashtriya swayamsevak
sangh (rss) and jamaat-e-islami along with some
political parties were banned.
The electricity to all major newspapers was cut
and the political-opposition arrested.
In tamil nadu the m. karunanidhi government was
dissolved and the leaders of the dmk were
incarcerated.
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Elections for the parliament and state
governments were postponed.
Sanjay gandhi initiated a birth control program,
chiefly employing sterilization.
On 23 january 1977, gandhi called fresh elections
for march and released all political prisoners.
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In the lok sabha elections, held in february
1977, mrs. gandhi and sanjay both lost their lok
sabha seats.
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