Components of Internet

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TECHNOLOGY IN ELT

• COMPONENTS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
• COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM

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COMPONENTS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
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An information system has five parts

• 1. People
• The most important part as they make end-users
  more productive.

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An information system has five parts

• 2. Procedures
• Refer to rules or guidelines people follow when
  using software, hardware and data.
• Documented in manuals written by computer
  specialists.
• Provided by software/hardware manufacturers of
  the product.

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An information system has five parts

• 3. Software
• Computer software is the term for programmes or
  sets of computer instructions.
• Written in special computer language that enable
  a computer to accomplish a given task.
• It consists of step-by-step instructions, which
  the computer can use to convert data into
  information.

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An information system has five parts

• 4. Hardware
• Computer components that are physical, touchable
  pieces or equipment.
• It consists of the system unit, input/output,
  secondary storage and communication devices.
• 4 types of computers
• 1. Supercomputers the most powerful type of
  computers.
• 2. Mainframe occupy specially wired,
  air-conditioned rooms.
• 3. Minicomputers desk-sized machines used for
  specific purposes.
• 4. Microcomputers include the desktop,
  notebook and personal digital assistant.

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SUPERCOMPUTER
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MAINFRAME
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MINICOMPUTER
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MICROCOMPUTER
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An information system has five parts

• 5. Data
• Raw, unprocessed facts including text, numbers,
  images and sounds.
• Data describes something that is stored
  electronically in a file.
• Examples
• Document files created by word processors
• Worksheet files crated by spreadsheets
• Database file created by database management
  programmes
• Presentation files created by presentation
  graphics programmes

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COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM

• A computer system has three main components
• Hardware
• Software
• Warmware
• A computer system performs 4 important tasks
  (Sharp, 200535)
• Receiving input figures, facts or sets of
  instructions
• Storing information place in memories
• Processing the data act on the information
• Outputing the information process and generate
  results

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TASK OF COMPUTER SYSTEM
CPU
INPUT
OUTPUT
STORAGE
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4 MAIN ASPECTS OF DATA HANDLING

• 1. Input devices
• - accept data or commands in a form that the
  computer can use they send the data or commands
  to the processing unit.
• 2. The Processor
• - known as CPU, has electronic circuitry that
  manipulates input data into information that
  people require. The CPU execute computer
  instructions.
• 3. Output Devices
• - display the people the processed data
  information in understandable and usable form
• 4. Storage
• - means secondary storage consists of secondary
  storage devices such as hard disk, diskettes,
  pendrives.
• - can store data and programmes outside the
  computer itself.
• - these devices supplement memory or primary
  storage, can hold data or programmes temporarily.

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1. What is Input?

• Input refers to any data or instructions that are
  used by a computer. All computer processing
  requires data.
• Whenever you use computer or application
  software, you are providing input. You typically
  use a keyboard to type text and a mouse to issue
  commands.

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Input Devices

• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Joystick
• Touch Screen
• Light Pen
• Scanner
• Bar code readers
• Digital cameras
• Video cameras
• Graphic tablets
• Voice recognition systems

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2. What is Process?

• The computer manipulates the data to create
  information.
• Information refers to data processed into a form
  that has meaning and is useful.

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Processing Devices/System Units

• Mother board/System
• CPU/Microprocessor
• Memory RAM, ROM
• Expansion Slots and Cards
• System Clock
• Bus Lines
• Ports and Cables

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What is Output?

• Is a processed data or information.
• Output devices provide output to people by
  translating what the computer has processed into
  a form that people can understand and use.

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Output Devices

• Monitor CRT, LCD
• LCD projector
• Video scan converter
• Printer

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4. What is Storage?

• Information can be stored in a computer for
  future use.
• All computers have a hard disk drive to store
  programmes and data.

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Storage Devices

• Hard Disk
• Removable Disks
• Floppy Drive
• CD-ROM, R, RW
• DVD-ROM, R, RW
• Pen Drive, Thumb Drive, Zip Drive
• External Hard Disk

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TEST YOUR UNDERSTANDING!
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Visualize these components and draw them!

• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Monitor
• Speaker
• Webcam
• Printer
• CPU

• Mother board
• Slot Card
• RAM
• USB port
• PS2 port
• Parallel port
• Serial port
• Floppy Drive

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COUNT!

• 1B _______ BITS
• 1KB _______ B
• 1MB _______ KB
• 1GB _______ MB
• 1TB _______ GB
• 700MB _____ GB
• 128MG _____ KB
• 512MG _____ GB

• 16GB _____ MB
• 256KB _____ MG
• Binary system works on ____ digits, i.e. _____
  and ______.
• Frequency wave is based on ______ and ______.
• Draw them.

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• APPLICATION SOFTWARE

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2 CATEGORIES

• 1. General-purpose
• - also known as basic applications
• - includes browsers, word processors,
  spreadsheets, database management systems and
  presentation graphics.
• 2. Special-purpose
• - also known as advanced applications, include
  multimedia, web authoring, graphics, virtual
  reality, artificial intelligence

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4 general-purpose software

1. Word processors
2. Spreadsheets
3. Database Management Systems
4. Presentation Graphics