astronomical survay

1
The real astronomy

• Explore above your head

2
Whats up next ?
In this talk we will examine the different
wonders up in the sky , Look at the future
possibility in space , comets etc . Hope it
would give you bit idea of astronomy and deep sky
celestial objects . Astronomy is a subject
which not actually a subject to study but a
hobby in which you have to be an amateur.

---
Galileo
3
10 things that can easily shock you

• 1.Quasars- Quasars are big black holes which are
  formed when a star dies before being born. When
  this occurs the dust particles and clouds gets
  mixed with each other and it spins which forms
  air to threshed and lights generated by which
  starts an explosion
• Which makes a quasar, these quasars then forms
  into small galaxies these small either gets
  bigger by adding more stars to it example Milky
  Way galaxy or Andromeda galaxy (the most biggest
  galaxies in the universe(till man has explored)
•  

4
Magentars

• As you know, neutron stars are formed when stars
  more massive than our Sun explode as supernovae.
  When these stars die, they no longer have the
  light pressure pushing outward to counteract the
  massive gravity pulling inward.
• This enormous inward force is so strong that it
  overcomes the repulsive force that keeps atoms
  from collapsing. Protons and electrons are forced
  into the same space, becoming neutrons. The whole
  thing is just made of neutrons. Did the star have
  hydrogen, helium, carbon and iron before? Thats
  too bad, because now its all neutrons.
• You get pulsars when neutron stars first form.
  When all that former star is compressed into a
  teeny tiny package. The conservation of angular
  motion spins the star up to tremendous
  velocities, sometimes hundreds of times a second.
• But when neutron stars form, about one in ten
  does something really really strange, becoming
  one of the most mysterious and terrifying objects
  in the Universe. They become magnetars. Youve
  probably heard the name, but what are they?
• As I said, magnetars are neutron stars, formed
  from supernovae. But something unusual happens as
  they form, spinning up their magnetic field to an
  intense level. In fact, astronomers arent
  exactly sure what happens to make them so strong.
•  

5
3.Geomagnetic reversal

• A geomagnetic reversal is a change in a planet's
  magnetic field such that the positions of
  magnetic north and magnetic south are
  interchanged. The Earth's field has alternated
  between periods of normal polarity, in which the
  direction of the field was the same as the
  present direction, and reverse polarity, in which
  the field was the opposite. These periods are
  called chrons. The time spans of chrons are
  randomly distributed with most being between 0.1
  and 1 million years with an average of 450,000
  years. Most reversals are estimated to take
  between 1,000 and 10,000 years. The latest one,
  the BrunhesMatuyama reversal, occurred 780,000
  years ago and may have happened very quickly,
  within a human lifetime.1 A brief complete
  reversal, known as the Laschamp event, occurred
  only 41,000 years ago during the last glacial
  period. That reversal lasted only about 440 years
  with the actual change of polarity lasting around
  250 years. During this change the strength of the
  magnetic field weakened to 5 of its present
  strength.2 Brief disruptions that do not result
  in reversal are

6
(No Transcript)
7
4.Earth losing magnetic feild

• Consequences of Earth Losing its Magnetic Field
• Compasses Would do Strange Things
• Image via Britannica
• Compasses are really nothing more than tiny
  magnets, and like all magnets, they align
  themselves with nearby magnetic fields.
   Conveniently, Earths magnetic field is strong
  enough to force compasses to align north-to-south
  but with our planets magnetic field gone,
  compasses would point to any nearby source of
  magnetism.  Even an outcrop of magnetic rock
  could do the trick.In fact, scientists have
  documented this effect before.  Magnetic
  anomalies places on Earth where nearby natural
  magnetism cause compasses to malfunction are
  found around the world.  In the Central African
  Republic, for example, unexplained magnetic
  variations in Earths crust cause compass needles
  to point in random directions, rendering them
  useless for navigation.  If our planets magnetic
  field disappeared, wandering compasses could
  become the norm worldwide.
• 2.  Birds Couldnt Migrate for the Winter
• Humans arent the only animals that exploit
  Earths magnetic field for navigation.  Many
  birds, sea turtles, lobsters, honeybees, salmon,
  and even fruit flies have biological compasses
  termed magnetoreceptors   built into their
  bodies.  Birds use this ability to seek warmer
  climates during winter months, while sea turtles
  navigate the open ocean and seek beaches to lay
  their eggs.  Scientists even think that most
  female sea turtles return to the same beaches
  every year a feat made possible in part by
  their natural compasses.
• If Earths magnetic field disappeared, many
  animals that depend on compass navigation could
  be in serious trouble.  Sea turtles could
  literally get lost at sea.  Migratory birds might
  fly in the wrong direction, threatening their
  survival.  Honeybees might get lost trying to
  find their hives, which could impact the
  pollination of flowers and other plants.  With
  their navigational abilities severely
  compromised, these and many other organisms could
  face extinction.

8
Along with our biodiversity, the loss of Earths
magnetic field could alter Earths auroras, known
commonly as the Northern and Southern Lights. 
These beautiful phenomena are created when our
planets magnetic field channels charged
particles from the sun known as the solar wind
into our planets upper atmosphere.  The solar
wind is usually deflected by our magnetosphere
(the invisible shell created by Earths
magnetic field), but around the north and south
poles, the magnetosphere dips inward like a
funnel, allowing the solar wind to interact with
our upper atmosphere.  The result of this
interaction are the spectacular, multicolored
bands of glowing plasma known as auroras. Auroras
on Earth have been known to shine so brightly, a
person could literally read by them.  But without
Earths magnetic field, our entire upper
atmosphere would be exposed to the solar wind,
completely changing how our auroras might
appear  they could even cause
9
5.  Cosmic Rays Could Reach Earths Surface

• Credits tejasvi and his celestron power seeker
  50 AZ telescope
• Our magnetic field doesnt just give us beautiful
  auroras it keeps us alive.  Cosmic rays and the
  solar wind are harmful to life on Earth, and
  without the protection of our magnetosphere, our
  planet would be constantly bombarded by a stream
  of deadly particles.  The effects of cosmic rays
  on the body can be pretty terrifying.  While on
  lunar missions, for example, astronauts often
  reported seeing flashes of light when they closed
  their eyes the direct result of cosmic rays
  passing through their retinas.  A few even
  developed cataracts years later.
• Radiation and cosmic rays are a real concern for
  NASA, especially when it comes to long-term
  spaceflight.  Astronauts on a mission to Mars
  could undergo up to 1000 times the exposure to
  radiation and cosmic rays that they would get on
  Earth.  If Earths magnetic field disappeared,
  the entire human race and all of life, in fact
   would be in serious danger.  Cosmic rays would
  bombard our bodies and could even damage our DNA,
  increasing worldwide risk of cancer and other
  illnesses.  The flashes of light visible when we
  close our eyes would be the least of our
  problems.

10
Thank You