Nephrotic Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

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Nephrotic Syndrome
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Nephrotic Syndrome

• Nephrotic Syndrome is a kidney disorder, when
  filters present in the kidney drips large amount
  of protein from the blood into the urine leading
  to the shortage of protein level in your body.
  Leakage of high amount of protein into the urine
  causes low protein levels in the blood resulting
  in swelling of kidney tissue. Due to this
  disease, gromeruli present in the kidney is not
  able to perform its function of filtering the
  toxins and waste products. Nephrotic Syndrome
  also causes swelling around the eyes, hand and
  feet, as well as high level of cholesterol.
  Although, people of any age can be affected by
  this kidney disorder, but children aged between
  18 months to four years are at a greater risk.
  There are more male patients with this syndrome
  than females.

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Causes of Nephrotic Syndrome

• Nephrotic Syndrome is the result of different
  kidney disorders. Minimal change disease is the
  most common cause of Nephrotic Syndrome among
  children and membranous glomerulonephritis is the
  most common cause among adults. This syndrome can
  also occur fromImmune Disorders
• Infections Cancer
• Multiple Myeloma
• Amyloidosis
• Strep throat
• Hepatitis
• Genetic Origin

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Symptoms

• Proteinurias, Edema, Hypercholesterolemia,
  Hypoalbuminemia, are four main symptoms of
  related to this disorder. Other symptoms of
  Nephrotic Syndrome may include
• Weakness in bones
• Loss of appetite
• Fatigue and overall weakness
• Swelling of eyes, hands, feet
• Swollen abdomen
• High cholesterol levels
• Malnourishment
• Kidney Failure
• Foamy Urine

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Diagnosis of Nephrotic Syndrome

• A reference for kidney specialist often known
  as, Nephrologist, is needed for diagnosing
  Nephrotic Syndrome. Tests and procedures done to
  diagnose Nephrotic Syndrome are 
• Urine test- A urine test is done to uncover the
  abnormalities in your urine, like large amount of
  proteins in your urine. 
• Blood test- A blood test is done to know the
  level of protein in your blood.
• Kidney Biopsy- Kidney biopsy is a procedure in
  which a sample of tissue is removed from the
  kidney with a needle and is observed under a
  microscope.

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Treatments

• The aim of the treatment of Nephrotic Syndrome
  is to ease the patient from the symptoms of this
  disease, prevent further complications and slow
  down the process of kidney damage or failure. Low
  salt diet, medication, and surgery are the
  possible ways available for the treatment of
  Nephrotic syndrome. Medicinal Treatment for
  Nephrotic Syndrome
• Taking inhibitors and receptors like Angiotensin
  converting enzyme and Angiotensin receptor
  blockers, to keep your blood pressure under
  control.
• Cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine may also be given
  to influence the remission in Nephrotic Syndrome.
• Doctor may also recommend corticosteroid, vitamin
  D supplements, and other drugs to suppress the
  ill effects of the immune system.

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