Chronic myelogenous leukemia: causes, symptoms and treatment

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Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia

• CAUSES SYMPTOMS TREATMENT

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INTRODUCTION TO CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKAEMIA

• Chronic myelogenous leukemia is a pluripotent
  stem cell disease characterized by anaemia,
  extreme blood granulocytosis with immaturity,
  basophilia, thrombocytosis and splenomegaly.
• The haemtopoietic cell contain a reciprocal
  translocation between chromosome 9 and 22 known
  as the philadelphia choromosome.
• Occurs more often in men.
• Disease of firsts
• High doses of ionising radiation can increaser
  the occurrence of CML.

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SIGN AND SYMPTOMS OF CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKAEMIA

• Signs and symptoms of chronic myeloid leukaemia
  may include 
• Easy bleeding
• Feeling run-down or tired
• Fever
• Losing weight without trying
• Loss of appetite
• Pain or fullness below the ribs on the left side
• Pale skin
• Sweating excessively during sleep (night sweats)

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TESTS AND DIAGNOSIS FOR CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKAEMIA

• After you have shown the signs and symptoms of
  chronic myeloid leukaemia, your doctor may
  suggest the following tests and procedures 
• Physical exam Your doctor will perform a
  complete physical examination to check pulse and
  blood pressure. He/she will also feel your lymph
  nodes, spleen and abdomen for any irregularities.
• Blood tests A complete blood count may reveal
  abnormalities in your blood cells. Your doctor
  may also perform blood chemistry tests to measure
  organ function.

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CONTINUE - TESTS AND DIAGNOSIS FOR CHRONIC
MYELOID LEUKAEMIA

• Bone marrow tests Bone marrow biopsy and bone
  marrow aspiration are used to collect bone marrow
  samples for laboratory testing. These tests
  involve collecting bone marrow from your
  hipbone.
• Tests to look for the Philadelphia chromosome A
  detailed lab test of your genes, called
  fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is done
  to measure the number of cells containing
  the Philadelphia chromosome.

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AVAILABLE TREATMENTS FOR CHRONIC MYELOID
LEUKAEMIA 

• Targeted drugs Targeted drugs such as Gleevec,
  Sprycel, Tasigna, and Bosulif are designed to
  attack cancer by focusing on a particular aspect
  of cancer cells that allows them to grow and
  multiply. In chronic myeloid leukaemia, the
  target of these drugs is the protein produced by
  the abnormal BCR-ABL gene.
• Bone marrow transplant Also known as a
  blood stem cell transplant, it offers the only
  chance for a definitive cure for chronic myeloid
  leukaemia. In the process, high doses of
  chemotherapy drugs are used to kill the
  blood-forming cells in your bone marrow. They are
  then replaced by blood stem cells from a donor
  which are infused into your bloodstream.

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CONTINUE - AVAILABLE TREATMENTS FOR CHRONIC
MYELOID LEUKAEMIA 

• Chemotherapy Chemotherapy drugs are typically
  combined with other treatments for chronic
  myeloid leukaemia. Often, chemotherapy
  treatment for chronic myelogenous leukaemia is
  given as a tablet you take orally.
• Biological therapy Biological therapies
  strengthen your body's immune system to help
  fight cancer. This option is successful for those
  patients who can't take other drugs or when other
  treatments fail.

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