Angina pectoris : causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

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Angina Pectoris

• CAUSES SIGN SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT

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INTRODUCTION TO ANGINA PECTORIS

• Angina pectoris is a medical condition resulting
  in chest pain or discomfort. 
• Angina pectoris occurs when the heart is not
  getting enough blood supply.
• In Angina pectoris lack of proper blood supply to
  the heart increases the risk of pain, heart
  attack, stroke, and other coronary artery
  diseases.
•  The pain related to angina pectoris is
  temporary, but if left untreated can make serious
  heart complications inevitable.

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TYPES OF ANGINA PECTORIS

• Stable Angina- Angina pectoris occurs when a
  patient is involved in some kind of physical
  activity like exercise. During physical activity,
  the heart becomes overactive often leading to
  pain in the chest. Stable Angina is also known as
  chronic angina, as it follows a regular pattern. 
• Unstable Angina-  Angina pectoris can occur
  anytime, even when a person is resting. Unstable
  angina is less common than the stable angina, but
  can get worse over time and may lead to a heart
  attack. 

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RISK FACTORS OF ANGINA PECTORIS

• Patients with coronary artery disease are at
  greater risk of angina pectoris. Some common risk
  factors of angina pectoris include
• Uncontrolled diabetes
• High level of bad cholesterol
• Obesity
• Excessive alcohol consumption
• Smoking
• Physical inactivity
• Having a history of Cardiovascular disease
• Unhealthy work out
• Living in extreme hot or cold conditions

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SIGN AND SYMPTOMS OF ANGINA PECTORIS

• Pain and discomfort in the chest is a most common
  symptom of angina pectoris. The symptoms of
  stable angina pectoris last from a few seconds to
  15 minutes. Some other symptoms of
  angina pectoris are
• Fatigue
• Dizziness
• Anxiety
• Nausea
• Abnormal sweating
• Breathing problems
• Heartburn
• Indigestion

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DIAGNOSIS OF ANGINA PECTORIS

• Angiography- Is an imaging technique that allows
  doctor to see the patients blood vessels. The
  angiography exam reveals which artery is
  affected.
• Electrocardiogram- Determines the electrical
  activity of the heart and measures the rhythm of
  the heart. 
• Blood tests- To measure the levels of
  cholesterol, fats, diabetes, and proteins.

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TREATMENT OF ANGINA PECTORIS

• Medications 
• The patient of angina pectoris is often
  prescribed with nitrates. Nitrates help in
  reducing the frequency of angina attacks by
  relaxing and widening blood vessels. A patient
  may also be, given beta-blockers, calcium channel
  blockers, anticoagulants, and high blood
  pressure medications. These medications lower the
  blood pressure, ease the chest discomfort, and
  prevent blood from clotting. 

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CONTINUE - TREATMENT OF ANGINA PECTORIS

• Surgery 
• If medicinal treatment is not giving desired
  results, surgical procedures are required to
  treat angina. The most common surgical procedure
  used for the treatment of angina is angioplasty,
  which is also known as stent procedure. The stent
  is permanently placed in the patients artery to
  prevent it from blockage. The stent keeps the
  passage open, allowing blood to flow easily.

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LIFESTYLE CHANGES 

• Avoid smoking
• Controlling weight
• Controlling diabetes and cholesterol
• Rest
• Avoiding alcohol
• Healthy diet

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