Spoken English Learning Tips from Knowledge Icon

1
Tips to Improve Spoken English
Knowledge Icon Best Spoken English Institute
Jalandhar Call 9041222444
2
Nouns and Pronouns

• Today we are going to focus on these two grammar
  elements.
• FACT
• Nouns and pronouns are the
• only two parts of speech that
• can be used as the subject of
• a sentence.

3
Nouns
Nouns name a person, place or thing
JAMES (person)
SLIDE (thing)
PLAYGROUND (place)
4
Types of Nouns

• Proper Noun
• James
• Common Noun
• slide
• Abstract Noun
• love
• Collective Noun
• team

5
Plural Forms of Nouns

• Some nouns add S or ES to form the plural.
  These are called regular nouns.
• car / cars match / matches
• Some nouns change completely. These are called
  irregular nouns.
• mouse / mice
• Some nouns are singular but seem to be plural.
• These are called collective nouns.
• team jury group
• My favorite team is playing
  tonight.

6
Pronouns
Pro means for so a pronoun is a word that is
used in place of or stands for a noun.

• Kinds of Pronouns
• Subjective
• Relative
• Objective
• Interrogative

Possessive Demonstrative Reflexive Intensive
7
Pronouns

• FACT
• The noun that a pronoun replaces is called the
  antecedent. This term combines two Latin words
  that mean comes before. The noun always comes
  before the pronoun.
• James is my little brother. He loves to play
  video games.

8
Kinds of Pronouns
Subjective case pronouns replace a subject.

• I My
• You Your
• He His
• She Her
• It Its
• We Our
• You Your
• They Their

Possessive forms accompany the noun they
represent in a sentence My car is parked on
the corner.
9
Kinds of Pronouns
Objective case pronouns replace a noun used as an
object.

• Me Mine
• You Yours
• Him His
• Her Hers
• It Its
• Us Ours
• You Yours
• Them Theirs

These possessive forms may stand alone in a
sentence The car that is parked on the corner
is mine.
10
Kinds of Pronouns

• Reflexive Interrogative
  Demonstrative
• Myself Who
  This
• Yourself Whose
  That
• Himself What These
• Herself Whom
  Those
• Itself Which
• Ourselves
• Yourselves
• Themselves

11
Kinds of Pronouns

• Reflexive Looks back to an earlier noun
  or pronoun
• James completed the project by himself.
• Relative Helps define properties of a
  noun or pronoun
• The house that was built in 2007
  burned down.

12
Kinds of Pronouns

• Interrogative Asks a question
• Who called you after class today?
• Demonstrative Points out something or
  someone
• That is a really good picture of you.

13
Kinds of Pronouns

• Indefinite Singular
  
• Plural
• All Another Anything Anybody Few
  None Something
  Everybody
• Some One Everything Somebody
• Both Everyone Nothing
  Nobody
• Most Someone Much
  Either
• Many No one Such Neither
• More Anyone Each
  Other
• Several

14
Kinds of Pronouns

• Plural Indefinite means some undetermined
  number Some of the students were interested
  in taking a biology course.
• Singular Indefinite means one of a group of
  people or things, but not one specifically
• Anyone could have taken that
  course.

15
Kinds of Pronouns

• Singular Indefinite
• Clues that the pronoun is singular
• Begins with any or every
• Ends in one or body

16
Pronouns

• Either and neither are singular. The logical
  meaning is that you are examining the antecedents
  one at a time
• Two dogs live on my street. Antecedent dogs
  Neither dog likes
  cats.

17
Pronouns

• Some final thoughts
• Pronouns must agree with antecedents.
• A student must be careful to record his or her
  scores. (student is singular, needs singular
  his and her)
• Students can turn in their papers any time today.
• (students is
• plural, therefore
• their is correct)

18
Pronouns

• Some more final thoughts
• Who or whom? When to use which one
• The easy way to test for who and whom is to
  replace them with he/she or him/her.
• If he is correct, use who
• If him is correct, use whom.

19
PRONOUNS

• Even more final thoughts
• Dont let compounds confuse your use of I and me
• Eliminate the extra words to check
• My dad took James and I to the game. (?)
• My dad took --- I to the game. (NO!)
• My dad took James and me to the game. (YES!)