Treatment Of Endometriosis

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What is
Endometriosis?

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The lining of the womb or uterus is called
endometrium. Endometriosis is an estrogen
hormone-dependent condition that is characterized
by the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue in
places within the body but outside of the uterus.
The disease state and symptoms can be modified by
pregnancy, breast feeding and menopause.
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The pathogenesis of endometriosis remains an
enigma in gynaecology and a topic of heated
debate. There are 2 distinct entities i)
Endometriosis (external outside of the
uterus) ii) Adenomyosis (in the muscle of the
uterus).
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What are the common sites affected by
endometriosis? Endometriosis predominantly
affects the ovaries by forming cysts and the back
of the uterus. It may also be found in the space
between the womb and bowel and very occasionally
in areas as remote as bladder, in caesarean
section scars, lungs etc.
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How does one diagnose Endometriosis? A good
clinical history and a thorough clinical
examination help point in the direction of the
correct diagnosis. To confirm the diagnosis, a
woman will be advised to undergo a pelvic
ultrasound assessment and laparoscopy (keyhole
camera procedure) which is considered the gold
standard tool. Other sophisticated tests such as
MRI, intravenous urography (IVU), barium enema
(X-ray procedure) may be required in some women
with severe disease.
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