spinal cord injury

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SPINAL CORD INJURIES
Presented By Spinal Cord Injury Association
SCIA
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Definition

• Insult to spinal cord resulting in a change, in
  the normal motor, sensory or autonomic function.
  This change is either temporary or permanent.

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• Most common causes
• Who?? Males Age 16-30 years
• Risk takers
• Auto accidents (flexion injuries)
• Motorcycle accidents
• Falls (hyperextension injuries)
• Sports mishaps
• Diving incidents (compression injury)
• Risk takers

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Human Being Spinal cord
31 pairs of spinal nerves 8 cervical 12
thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sacral 1 coccygeal
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Downloaded from Rosen's Emergency Medicine (on
29 April 2009 0634 PM)
2007 Elsevier
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Myotomes

• Segmental nerve root innervating a muscle
• Again important in determining level of injury
• Upper limbs
• C5 - Deltoid
• C 6 - Wrist extensors
• C 7 - Elbow extensors
• C 8 - Long finger flexors
• T 1 - Small hand muscles

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• Lower Limbs
• L2 - Hip flexors
• L3,4 - Knee extensors
• L4,5 S1 - Knee flexion
• L5 - Ankle dorsiflexion
• S1 - Ankle plantar flexion

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Spinal Cord Injury Classification

• Quadriplegia injury in cervical region all 4
  extremities affected
• Paraplegia injury in thoracic, lumbar or sacral
  segments 2 extremities affected

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• The Effects of SCI
• The exact effects of a SCI vary according to the
  type and level injury, and can be organized into
  two types
• Complete
• Incomplete

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• Complete
• Loss of voluntary movement of parts innervated by
  segment, this is irreversible
• Loss of sensation
• Spinal shock

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Incomplete

1. Some function is present below site of injury
2. More favourable prognosis overall
3. Are recognisable patterns of injury, although
   they are rarely pure and variations occur

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Injury defined by SCIA Impairment Scale

• SCIA Spinal Cord Injury Association
• A Complete no sensory or motor function
  preserved in sacral segments S4 S5
• B Incomplete sensory, but no motor function in
  sacral segments

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• C Incomplete motor function preserved below
  level and power graded lt 3
• D Incomplete motor function preserved below
  level and power graded 3 or more
• E Normal sensory and motor function normal

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Immediate Treatment

• Prevention of further Damage
• Emotional Therapy
• Preventing Inflammation
• Corticosteroid Controller Medications (MS)

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Treatment of chronic spinal cord injured patients
with autologous bone marrow-derived hematopoietic
stem cell transplantation

• Cairo University conducted human trial of
  hematopoietic progenitor stem cells in SCI
  Patients
• Results Improved functions
• Not FDA approved
• MRI showed no tumors
• Awaiting 1 year follow up

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contact us

• Address 293 Gupta Colony, Kapurthala Road,
  Jalandhar, India
• Website www.scia.org.in
• Email Us contact.scia_at_scia.org.in
• Call Us 08968300017

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