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Role of Medical Lab Scientist

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Title: Role of Medical Lab Scientist


1
The Role of MLS in Adequate Health Care Delivery
  • Lic. Augustine .E Sagoe D-MSc
  • DCMLS.
  • Medical Immuno-virologist
  • National Rapid Response Team Lead-Lab for
    Infectious Diseases
  • National Trainer Certifier of Phlebotomist
  • Newly Appointed Mentor by GAMLS
  • Korle Bu Teaching Hospital

Proud to be a Cuban Trained who dislikes what
Central Lab does
2
Role of Laboratory Tests
  • Medical laboratory testing plays a crucial role
    in the detection, diagnosis and treatment of
    disease in patients.
  • Laboratory tests help determine the presence,
    extent or absence of disease and monitor the
    effectiveness of treatment.

3
Statistics on the Significance of Lab results
  • An estimated 70 to 80 percent (/- 5) (Roque, A.
    Q 2017) of all decisions regarding a patient's
    diagnosis, treatment, hospital admission and
    discharge are based on laboratory test results.

4
Who is a MLS?
  • Medical Laboratory Specialists (referred to as a
    Medical Laboratory Diagnostic Specialists)
  • Medical Laboratory Scientists (also referred to
    as Clinical Laboratory Scientists or Medical
    Technologists)
  • Clinical Laboratory Technicians (also known as
    Medical Laboratory Technicians) perform most
    laboratory tests.

5
General role of MLS ( Health System)
  • Medical Laboratory Scientists analyze test
    results and relay them to physicians.
  • They perform complex chemical, biological,
    hematological, immunological, microbiological,
    pathological, genetics and forensic tests,
    requiring significant analytical and independent
    judgment.

6
Core Functions of MLS
  • Medical Laboratory Scientists perform a wide
    variety of functions, including
  • Make microscopic examination and analysis of
    blood, body fluids (for example, urine,
    peritoneal fluid, cerebrospinal fluid), tissues
    and cells
  • Identify fluids for chemical analytes, such as
    glucose and cholesterol
  • Cross match blood for transfusion
  • Select and fuse embryo
  • Alert, confirm, monitor almost every outbreak and
    also when outbreaks are over
  • Monitor patient outcomes
  • Perform differential cell counts looking for
    abnormal cells to aid in the diagnosis of anemia
    and leukemia
  • Utilize sophisticated equipment and instruments
    that can perform a number of tests
    simultaneously, as well as microscopes, cell
    counters, and other high-precision laboratory
    equipment
  • Write standardized operating procedures (SOPs),
    and establish quality assurance programs to
    monitor and ensure the accuracy of test results
  • Banking pathogens of public health importance

7
Health care Delivery - Public Health Problems
The MLS is essential in solving this problem
  • Monitor health status to identify and confirm
    infectious outbreaks
  • Diagnose and investigate some health hazards in
    pre, during and post outbreaks
  • Inform, educate, and empower people about the
    route of transmission
  • Develop policies and plans in support of public
    health services
  • Protect health and ensure safety

8
  • During health care delivery, MLS relays
    information about patients status to the
    clinicians, linking infected and uninfected
    people to required health care services
  • Ensure a competent medical, public health and
    personal health care workforce
  • Evaluate effectiveness, accessibility, and
    quality of personnel through medical exams in
    pre-deployment
  • MLS participate in research for new insights and
    innovative solutions to the health of the people

9
Core Functions and Capabilities of Medical
Public Health Laboratorians during health care
delivery
  • Disease/outbreak prevention, control and
    surveillance
  • Integrated data management
  • Reference and specialized testing
  • Environmental health and protection
  • Food safety
  • Laboratory improvement and adhering to regulation
  • Policy development and/or review
  • Emergency response
  • Medical Public health-related research
  • Training and education
  • Partnership and communication

10
Recognition
  • The international community came to recognize the
    critical importance of strengthening medical
    laboratories within the health systems as a whole
    to the achievement of major global health goals
    as captured in the Millennium Development Goals
    (control of HIV/aids during WA EVD outbreak)

11
Definition
  • MLS are critical part of the larger group of
    health professionals and has been defined as a
    society whose contribution collectively detect,
    alert and assure the conditions in which people
    can be healthy  

12
The goal of Medical Public healthin health
care delivery
  • The general objective of medical public health
    is to improve health outcomes for populations
    through the achievement of the objectives of
    preventing disease and the health consequences of
    environmental hazards and natural or man-made
    disasters

13
A Central Role for MLS in an infectious disease
outbreaks
  • It is therefore important, to delineate specific
    roles and responsibilities within these broad
    general roles so that MLS contribution to global
    HSS (Health Systems Strengthening) efforts in an
    health care delivery can do so most efficiently

14

Specific Roles of Medical Laboratory Scientists
  1. A team head or within the core management of the
    outbreak
  2. Ensuring Availability of Critical Strategic
    Epidemiologic Information
  3. Strengthening Key Medical Public Health
    Institutions and Infrastructure
  4. Establishing Strong Medical Public Health
    Laboratory Networks
  5. Building a Skilled and Capable Workforce
  6. Implementing Key Medical Public Health Programs

15
Trend now
  • In the new millennium, the strength of the
    laboratory network is often a direct reflection
    of the success of all control programs
  • Developed countries have taken advantage of new
    technologies that provide rapid detection,
    identification and management of outbreaks

16
Trend cont
  • However, inadequate management and support of MLS
    Medical laboratory networks are hindering
    progress against health care delivery, especially
    in Ghana and Africa as a whole

17
What needs to be done
  • Effective health care delivery involves access to
    laboratory services at every level
  • This requires
  • Managing and supporting laboratory networks that
    provide reliable and consistent decentralized
    services

18
Problems..
  • The problems of TB, HIV/aids and the recent
    outbreaks of cholera, ebola, dengue, zika etc.,
    provide a compelling rationale for increasing
    capacity for MLS to understand their role of
    working beyond the benches
  • Glucometers
  • Surgical Theaters
  • SOPs

19
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