Lyme disease : Causes, Symptoms, Daignosis, Prevention and Treatment

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Lyme disease
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Lyme disease

• Lyme disease is the most common tick-borne
  disease that is caused by the bacteria known as
  Borrelia burgdorferi. Deer ticks, which feed on
  the blood of animals and humans can harbor the
  bacteria and spread it at the time of
  feeding.You're more prone to suffer from Lyme
  disease if you live or spend time in grassy and
  heavily wooded areas where ticks carrying the
  disease thrive. It's important to take some
  common precautions in areas where Lyme disease is
  prevalent.If you are treated with antibiotics
  in the early stages of the disease, you are
  likely to recover completely. In later stages,
  response to treatment can be slower, but the
  majority of people with who are having Lyme
  disease recover completely.

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Causes of Lyme disease

• Lyme disease is caused by the bacterium called
  Borrelia burgdorferi, which is carried primarily
  by deer ticks. The ticks are brown and when
  young, they're often no bigger than the head of a
  pin, which makes them nearly impossible to
  spot. An infected deer tick must bite you to
  suffer from Lyme disease. The bacteria go into
  your skin through the bite and eventually make
  their way into your bloodstream. In most cases,
  to transmit Lyme disease, a deer tick must be
  attached for 36 to 48 hours.If you found that
  an attached tick that appears like swollen, it
  may have fed long enough to spread bacteria.
  Extracting the tick as early as possible can
  prevent infection. 

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Complications related with Lyme disease

• If left untreated, Lyme disease can cause 
• Chronic joint inflammation (Lyme arthritis),
  particularly of the knee
• Neurological symptoms, like facial palsy and
  neuropathy
• Cognitive defects, like impaired memory
• Heart rhythm irregularities

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Treatment for Lyme disease

• Antibiotics are used to treat Lyme disease.
  Generally, recovery will be much quicker and
  complete as early as the treatment
  begins.Antibiotics
• Antibiotics - These are the standard treatment
  for early-stage Lyme disease. These generally
  involve doxycycline for adults and children older
  than 8, or amoxicillin or cefuroxime for adults,
  younger children, and pregnant or breast-feeding
  women. A 15- to 21-day course of antibiotics is
  generally advised, but some studies suggest that
  courses lasting 10 to 14 days are equally
  effective.
• Intravenous antibiotics - If the disease involves
  the central nervous system, your doctor may
  advise treatment with an intravenous antibiotic
  for 14 to 28 days. This is effective in
  eliminating infection however it may take some
  time to recover from your symptoms.

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Treatment for Lyme disease
Continue

• Intravenous antibiotics can cause various side
  effects, including a lower white blood cell
  count, mild to severe diarrhea, or colonization
  or infection with other antibiotic resistant
  organisms unrelated to Lyme.
• After treatment, a small number of people still
  experience some symptoms, like muscle aches and
  fatigue. The cause of these continuing symptoms
  is unknown, and treating with more antibiotics
  doesn't help.Some experts believe that certain
  people who get Lyme disease are predisposed to
  develop an autoimmune response that contributes
  to their symptoms. More research is needed.

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