Muscular Dystrophy: Causes, Symptoms, Daignosis, Prevention and Treatment

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Muscular Dystrophy
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Muscular Dystrophy

• Muscular dystrophy is a cluster of diseases that
  cause gradual weakness and loss of muscle mass
  with time. In this condition, abnormal genes
  (mutations) interfere with the production of
  proteins needed to form healthy muscle.There
  are many different kinds of muscular dystrophy.
  Symptoms of the most common variety initiate in
  childhood, mainly in boys. Other types don't
  surface until adulthood.There can be a loss in
  the ability of walking in the people who are
  suffering from muscular dystrophy. Few may have
  trouble in breathing or swallowing.Still, there
  is no cure available for muscular dystrophy. But
  medications and therapy can help in managing
  symptoms and slow the course of the disease.

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Causes of Muscular Dystrophy

• There are some certain genes which are involved
  in making proteins that further save muscle
  fibers from getting damage. If one of these genes
  gets defected, muscular dystrophy occurs.Each
  form of muscular dystrophy is caused by a genetic
  mutation specific to that type of the disease.
  Many of these mutations are inherited. But some
  occur spontaneously in the mother's egg or the
  developing embryo and can be passed on to the
  next generation.

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Risk Factors

• Muscular dystrophy happens in both sexes and in
  all ages and races. However, the most common
  variety, Duchenne, generally occurs in young
  boys. People who are having a family history of
  muscular dystrophy are at higher risk of
  developing the disease or passing it on to their
  children.

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Complications

• The complications of progressive muscle weakness
  include
• Unable to walk - Some people with muscular
  dystrophy eventually need to use a wheelchair.
• Contractures - Contractures can further limit
  mobility.
• Breathing problems - Gradual weakness can affect
  the muscles associated with breathing. People
  with muscular dystrophy may eventually need to
  use a breathing assistance device (ventilator),
  initially at night but possibly also in the day.
• Problem with spine The weak muscles will be
  unable to hold the spine straight.
• Problems associated with heart - Muscular
  dystrophy may lower the efficiency of the heart
  muscle.
• Problem associated with Swallowing - If the
  muscles that are involved with swallowing gets
  affected, nutritional problems and aspiration
  pneumonia will be developed. Feeding tubes may be
  an option.

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