Prion Disease: Causes, Symptoms, Daignosis, Prevention and Treatment

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Prion Diseases
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What are prion diseases? 

• Prion diseases comprises of several conditions.
  A prion is a type of protein that triggers normal
  proteins in the brain and makes it to fold
  abnormally.Prion diseases can affect both
  humans and animals and are sometimes it is spread
  to humans by infected meat products. The most
  common form of prion disease that affects humans
  is Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD).

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What causes prion disease? 

• Prion diseases occur when normal prion protein,
  found on the surface of many cells, becomes
  abnormal and clump in the brain, causing brain
  damage. This abnormal accumulation of protein in
  the brain can cause memory problems, personality
  changes, and difficulties with movement. Doctors
  still don't know a lot about prion diseases, but
  unfortunately, these disorders are generally
  fatal.

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Who is at risk for prion disease?

• Risk factors for prion disease include 
• If you had a family history of prion disease
• Consuming meat that is infected by mad cow
  disease
• Getting infected from contaminated corneas or
  from contaminated medical equipment

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How is prion disease diagnosed? 

• Prion diseases are confirmed by taking a sample
  of brain tissue during a biopsy or after death.
  Doctors, however, can do a number of tests before
  to help diagnose prion diseases such as CJD, or
  extract other diseases with similar symptoms.
  Prion diseases should be considered in all people
  with rapidly progressive dementia.The tests
  include
• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scans of the
  brain
• Spinal tap, also called lumbar puncture (Liquid
  samples from the spinal cord)
• Electroencephalogram that checks brain waves this
  painless test requires placing electrodes on the
  scalp
• Blood tests
• Neurologic and visual exams to check for nerve
  damage and vision loss

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What are the symptoms of prion disease?

• Symptoms of prion diseases include
• Rapidly developing dementia
• Difficulty walking and changes in gait
• Hallucinations
• Muscle stiffness
• Confusion
• Fatigue
• Difficulty speaking

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How is prion disease treated?

• Prion diseases can't be cured, but some specific
  medicines may help slow their progress. The
  medical management always tries to keep people
  suffering from these diseases as safe and
  comfortable as possible, despite of progressive
  and debilitating symptoms.

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