Peptic Ulcer: Causes, Symptoms, Daignosis, Prevention and Treatment

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Peptic Ulcer
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Peptic Ulcer

• A peptic ulcer is a sore in the inner lining of
  the stomach or upper small intestine. Ulcers
  are formed when the intestine or stomach's
  protective layer is broken down. When this
  happens, digestive juices-which contain
  hydrochloric acid and an enzyme called pepsin-can
  damage the intestine or stomach
  tissue.Treatment cures most ulcers and symptoms
  usually go away quickly. Peptic ulcers that get
  formed in the stomach are called gastric ulcers.
  Those ulcers that are formed in the upper small
  intestine are called duodenal.

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What causes peptic ulcers?

• The two most common causes of peptic ulcers
  are
• Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)
  bacteria.
• Use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
  (NSAIDs), such as aspirin, ibuprofen, and
  naproxen.

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How are peptic ulcers diagnosed?

• Your doctor will ask you questions about your
  symptoms and your general health, and the doctor
  will do a physical exam.If your symptoms are
  not severe and you are younger than 55, your
  doctor may do some simple tests (using your
  blood, breath, or stool) to look for the signs of
  H. pylori infection.The only way for you and
  your doctor to know if you have an ulcer is to do
  a more complicated test, called an endoscopy, to
  look for an ulcer and to test for H. pylori
  infection.An endoscopy helps the doctor to look
  inside your esophagus, stomach, and small
  intestine. An endoscopy is generally performed by
  a gastroenterologist, a doctor who specializes in
  digestive diseases.

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What are the symptoms of peptic ulcer?

• Symptoms of peptic ulcer include
• A burning, aching, or gnawing pain between the
  belly button (navel) and the breastbone. Some
  people also have back pain. The pain can last
  from a few minutes to a few hours and may come
  and go for weeks.
• Pain that goes away for a while when you take an
  antacid or acid reducer.
• Loss of appetite and weight loss.
• Bloating or nausea after eating.
• Vomiting.
• Passing black stools that look like tar, or
  stools that contain dark red blood.
• Different people have different symptoms, and
  some people have no symptoms at all.

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How are peptic ulcers treated?

• To treat peptic ulcers, most people need to take
  medicines that reduce the amount of acid in the
  stomach. If you have an H. pylori infection, you
  will also need to take antibiotics.You can help
  in the healing of your ulcer and prevent it from
  coming back if you quit smoking and limit your
  consumption of alcohol. Continued use of
  medicines such as aspirin, ibuprofen, or naproxen
  may increase the chance of your ulcer coming
  back.Ignoring symptoms of an ulcer is not a
  good idea. This condition needs to be treated.
  The symptoms of peptic ulcers can go away for a
  short time but you may still have an ulcer. If it
  is left untreated, an ulcer can cause
  life-threatening problems. Even with treatment,
  some ulcers may come back and may need more
  treatment.

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