Basic Infection Control Skills

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Infection Prevention Control DepartmentAl-Rass
General Hospital General Orientation
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Topics

1. Basic Infection Control Skills License
2. Transmission Based Standard Precautions
3. Reporting of Sharps Injury
4. Managing of Blood Body Fluid Exposure Risk

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What is Infection Control?

• Infection control is the discipline concerned
  with preventing nosocomial or healthcare-associate
  d infection

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Basic Infection Control Skills License (BICSL)

• Components of BICSL
• Proper hand hygiene
• Proper use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
• N95 Fit testing procedure
• Influenza and meningitis vaccinations
• Safe Injection Practice

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WHO 5 moments of Hand hygiene (HH)

• Before touching a patient
• Before doing any clean or aseptic procedure
• After touching a patient
• After body fluid exposure risk
• After touching patient surroundings

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• What is Hand Hygiene?
• A general term referring to any action of hand
  cleaning.
• Hand hygiene relates to the removal of visible
  soil and removal or killing of transient
  microorganisms from the hands.
• Hand hygiene for patient care may be accomplished
  using an alcohol-based hand rub or soap and
  running water.
• Hand hygiene includes surgical hand preparation.

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Why to follow all steps of hand hygiene
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PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS (PPE)

• Donning of PPE (Wearing of PPE)
• Hand hygiene
• Gown
• Mask or respirator
• Face shield of goggle
• Last gloves

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Doffing of PPE (Removing of PPE)

1. Gloves
2. Face shield of goggles
3. Gown
4. Last mask or respirator
5. Hand Hygiene

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Where to Remove PPE

• At doorway, before leaving patient room or in
  anteroom
• Remove respirator outside room, after door has
  been closed

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N95 Respirators

• is a respiratory protective device designed to
  achieve a very close facial fit and very
  efficient filtration of airborne particles.
• The 'N95' designation means that when subjected
  to careful testing, the respirator blocks at
  least 95 of very small (0.3 micron) test particle

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N95 Respirator

• N means not resistant to oil
• 95 filter efficiency
• Testing is required every 2 years

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Indication for N-95 respirator

• SARS
• Tuberculossis
• Chicken Pox
• H1N1
• Entero Virus D68
• Measles
• Hanta Virus
• Anthrax
• MERS

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Re-using of n95 mask

• Can be reused repeatedly for up to 8-12 hours in
  following condition
• The mask is only used by one health care worker
• Care of one patient
• The mask is stored in a clean, dry location such
  as paper bag.
• Do not write on the mask
• Do not leave the mask hanging around the neck
• Note There are no published data on the length
  of time the mask is effective for the wearer

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• Note Those Health Care Workers have beard they
  should use PAPR (Power Air Purifying Respirator)
  for Airborne Based Transmission Precautions

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Vaccinations

• Influenza vaccine (every year)
• Meningococcal vaccination (every 5 years)
• Note All Health Care Workers should immunized
  prior to work

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Before IM / IV injection

• Wash your hand
• Check the date of the medicine for expiration
• Clean the top of vial by alcohol wipe
• Let the top of vial dry
• Use alcohol to clean the site of injection
• Do not administer medication from one syringe to
  multiple patients.

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Safe Injection Practice

• Does not harm the recipient
• Does not expose the provider to any avoidable
  risk
• Does not result in waste that is dangerous to
  other people. i.e. discard the used needle and
  syringe properly into sharp container.

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TYPES OF PRECAUTIONS

• Standard Precautions
• Transmission based Precautions
• Airborne Precautions
• Droplet Precautions
• Contact Precautions

In some scenario you may need to combine two
types of precautions.
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DEALING WITH NEEDLE STICK INJURIES, BITES OR
BLOOD OR BODY FLUID SPLASHES ONTO EYES OR BROKEN
SKIN

• Such exposures include
• Injuries from used sharps or needles which
  penetrate the skin
• Contamination of abrasions/broken skin with blood
  or body fluids
• Human scratches/bites where the skin is broken
• Splashes of blood/body fluids onto mucous
  membranes e.g eyes/mouth
• Aspiration or ingestion of blood, blood
  components or other body fluids

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• First Aid
• 1. Bleeding from the wound (needle stick injury
  or bite) should be encouraged by gently pressing
  on the area
• 2. The wound should be washed under cool running
  water.
• 3. Do not suck the wound, scrub or use a
  nailbrush.
• 4. The wound should be covered with a waterproof
  dressing.
• 5. Skin, eyes or mouth should be washed out with
  copious amounts of water.
• Reporting and Follow up
• 1. The incident should be reported immediately to
  the person in charge and an accident/incident
  form
• completed and local policy followed.
• 2. Assessment of the injury should be carried out
  by an Occupational Health Department, General
  Practitioner or Medical Officer by local
  arrangement

REMEMBER
1. BLEED 2. WASH
3. REPORT
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Management of Blood Body Fluid Spill
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• REFERENCE
• For more information
• www.gdipc.org
• www.who.int
• www.CDC.gov
• www.osha.gov

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