Visual Impairment: Causes, Symptoms, Daignosis, Prevention and Treatment

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Visual Impairment
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What is Visual Impairment?

• Visual Impairment can be known as a condition in
  which an individual's ability to see things are
  not fine. This means that the function of the eye
  for various reasons may become limited.Visual
  Impairment can be referred to as anything ranging
  from not being able to see near or far things to
  partial or complete blindness.The power of an
  individual to see objects clearly is termed as
  the visual acuity of the person and is a basic
  criterion for diagnosing an individual with
  visual impairment.A visual field of an
  individual is the area that can cover which one
  can see clearly. This is yet another criterion
  for an individual to be diagnosed with visual
  impairment.

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Different types of Visual Impairments?

• Hypermetropia or far sightedness is a type of
  visual impairment in which an individual is not
  able to see objects that are far away from him or
  her.
• Myopia or near sightedness is another type of
  visual impairment in which an individual is not
  able to see clearly the objects that are near to
  him or her.
• Total blindness is a condition in which one is
  not able to see anything at all from both of the
  eyes.
• Partial Blindness is a condition in which an
  individual is able to see to some extent from one
  eye.

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What causes Visual Impairment?

• There can be various causes for visual
  impairment of which some are mentioned below in
  which some are acquired and some are congenital.
  Some of the causes of visual impairment areEye
  Injury A direct blow or injury to the eye while
  working or in sports or in a motor vehicle crash
  may result in visual impairment, especially
  injuries to the cornea which are quite
  common.Inherited Conditions There are also
  some cases in which visual impairment is an
  inherited condition. One such medical condition
  which is an inherited visual impairment is known
  to be retinitis pigmentosa.Eye Infection There
  are specific eye infections which if transmitted
  from mother to child can further result in visual
  impairment in the child.

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What causes Visual Impairment?
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• Trachoma of the eyes caused by a contagious
  microorganism known as Chlamydia Trachomatis
  tends to also affect the eyes. This infection is
  mostly seen in countries with poor hygiene and
  sanitary conditions.

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How is the cause of Visual Impairment diagnosed?

• The diagnosis of the cause of visual impairment
  begins with knowing the history of the patient in
  which the doctor inquires about when the symptoms
  started and how bad is the eye sight.In order
  to do this, the ophthalmologist will carry out a
  set of tests to find out the cause of the visual
  impairment and formulate the best treatment plan
  for the patient.The next step will be to
  conduct an examination of the eyes in which the
  ophthalmologist will inspect the eyelids,
  conjunctiva, cornea, and lens.

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How is the cause of Visual Impairment diagnosed?
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• Some of the tests are
• Snellen's Test
• Visual Field Test
• Tonometry Test

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