DevOps Interview Question and Answers

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DevOps Interview Question and Answers
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What are Design Patterns?

• In simple terms, Design Patterns are the solution
  to problems faced by developers- they represent
  the best practices that are used by developers.
  Design Patterns help an inexperienced developer
  to learn easily and quickly. Design Patterns have
  standard terminologies addressing specific
  scenario.
• There are mainly 3 types of Design Patterns
• Creational addresses design problems.
• Structural simplifies relationships between
  objects.
• Behavioral simplifies how objects interact with
  each other.

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What is Continuous Deployment?

• Continuous Deployment is majorly about
  instrumenting the most important steps within the
  project life-cycle when moving code from quality
  assurance step to production environment.
  Continuous Deployment is a critical capability to
  enable in the continuous delivery pipeline.
   There are several patterns that enable the
  nature of Continuous DevOps deployment.

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What is Functional Testing and Non-functional
Testing?

• Functional Testing mainly targets the business
  goals as a way of ensuring that, within the code
  design and features, the product meets the
  customers business requirements.
• On the other hand, non-functional testing focuses
  on performance, security, compatibility,
  usability, user experience, resource utilization,
  etc.

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What is white box and black box testing?

• Black box testing is where the tester does not
  know anything about internal structures of the
  application. On the other hand, box testing is
  where the tester knows about the structure and
  designs of the product.
• White box testing is done at the unit and
  component level of testing whereas, black box
  testing is done at the system and acceptance
  level of testing.
• White box testing essentially needs some
  programming languages whereas, black box testing
  may or may not need any programming skills.

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What is Resilience Test?

• Tests that ensure recovery without data and
  functionality loss after a failure are called
  Resiliency tests. Here are the examples
  of Resilience test tools.
• Hystrix An open source tool, which has latency
  and fault tolerance libraries, designed to
  isolate points of access to remote systems and
  services.
• Chaos Monkey Developed by Netflix to randomly
  disable parts of the system and simulate
  production failures.

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What is Extreme Programming (XP)?

• Extreme Programming commonly referred to as XP is
  one of the most popular agile methodologies,
  which executes software development.  XP rules
  are designed to focus more on customer
  satisfaction.  It empowers developers to respond
  confidently to requirement changes through
  smaller iterations. XP emphasizes teamwork as
  managers, customers and developers work as equal
  partners in a collaborative team. Most of the
  companies use XP in their DevOps Journey.

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What is Pair Programming?

• Pair programming is one of the engineering
  practices of Extreme Programming rules. In this
  practice two programmers work on one computer, on
  the same design/algorithm/code/test.
• One programmer acting as a driver, and the
  other acting as an observer who continuously
  watches/monitors to identify problems. Both roles
  can be exchanged at any point of time without any
  handoff.

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What are the popular DevOps tools that you use ?

• We use following tools for work in DevOps
• Jenkins This is an open source automation server
  used as a continuous integration tool. We can
  build, deploy and run automated tests with
  Jenkins.
• GIT It is a version control tool used for
  tracking changes in files and software.
• Docker This is a popular tool for
  containerization of services. It is very useful
  in Cloud based deployments.
• Nagios We use Nagios for monitoring of IT
  infrastructure.
• Splunk This is a powerful tool for log search as
  well as monitoring production systems.
• Puppet We use Puppet to automate our DevOps work
  so that it is reusable.

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Explain how you create launchers on desktop in
Ubuntu?

• To create launchers on desktop in Ubuntu you can
  use
• ALTF2 then type gnome-desktop-item-edit
  create-new/desktop ,  it will launch the old
  GUI dialog and create a launcher on your desktop.

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