Closed Die Forging

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Closed Die Forging
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What is Closed Die Forging?

• Closed Die Forging is a forging process in which
  dies move towards each other and covers the
  workpiece in whole or in part. The heated raw
  material, which is approximately the shape or
  size of the final forged part, is placed in the
  bottom die.

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Process

• In commercial closed die forging, the workpiece
  is usually moved through a series of cavities in
  a die to get from ingot form to the final form.
• The first impression is used to distribute the
  metal into the rough shape in accordance to the
  material needed later in the cavities.
• The cavities after this are called blocking
  cavities in which the piece is worked into a
  shape that more closely looks like the final
  product.
• The final shape is forged in a finisher or final
  cavity. If there is only a short run of the parts
  then it may be more economical to forgo the final
  impression cavity and instead machine the part.

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Common Materials in Closed Die Forging

• Steel
• When it comes to closed die forging, steel is by
  far the most common material used.
• Alloy steel and carbon steel are the most widely
  used in closed die forging process for its
  competitive price and easy deformation.

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Aluminum

• Aluminum is popular due to its low density, high
  strength, and easy machining. It is widely used
  in closed die forging process especially for the
  automotive and aerospace industries.

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Copper or Brass

• Copper or brass is also commonly used in closed
  die forging, which is the most expensive of the
  three materials that we have discussed. Copper
  forging or brass forging is most commonly used
  for valve and pump fittings.

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Benefits of Closed Die Forging

• Distinct from investment casting for forging
  companies, Closed die forging is the most
  cost-effective metal forming methods for the low
  cost of each part.
• As products are deformed in high precision
  forging dies, so the toleraces of closed die
  forging parts are always tight. And surface
  finish is always good.
• Only waste of material during forging process is
  the flash. Such flash will be moved by trimming
  die, and you will be a finished forging blank
  after that saving materials in the process.

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