What is Biodiversity and its Importance? | NCERT Biology Class 12

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What is Biodiversity and its Importance? NCERT
Biology Class 12
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What is Biodiversity and its Importance? NCERT
Biology Class 12

• Biodiversity and its Importance In this
  article, we will study Biodiversity, Importance
  of Biodiversity from unit 10, chapter 15 out
  of Biology Class 12.
• Biodiversity or Biological diversity means a
  variety of living beings on earth. It explains
  the degree of variation of life. Biological
  diversity includes a microorganism, plants,
  animals and also ecosystems such as coral reefs,
  forests, rainforests, deserts etc. It denotes the
  wealth of biological resources available to us,
  on our planet. Biodiversity developed during 3.5
  billion years of evolution.

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What is Biodiversity and its Importance? NCERT
Biology Class 12

•  

 Biodiversity is unevenly distributed, it varies
globally and wan within regions. In an ecosystem,
there is an interaction between biotic components
(different types of living organisms) and their
abiotic components (temperature, air, water,
light, humidity etc.). In addition to this, each
species of different organisms, whether big or
small interact with each other and individually
has an important role to play in an ecosystem.
Various plant and animal species depend on each
other for one or the other reason and these
diverse species guarantees natural sustainability
for all life forms. A healthy and soa lid
biodiversity can recover itself from a variety of
disasters and contribute to a flourishing
ecosystem.
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What is Biodiversity and its Importance? NCERT
Biology Class 12

• Role of Biodiversity
• Biodiversity contributes in a variety of ways on
  the Earth. These are as follows
• Ecological stability Biodiversity provides
  ecological stability. Every species performs a
  particular function within an ecosystem. The
  organisms capture the energy from the sun (sole
  source of energy on the Earth) and store it, they
  produce organic material, decompose organic
  material. Biodiversity helps in water and
  nutrients cycle throughout the ecosystem, it also
  prevents soil erosion, helps to fix atmospheric
  gases in order to make them usable by different
  organisms. The climate is regulated by the
  biodiversity.
• A healthy ecosystem provides support
  of production and services which are essential to
  humans for survival. These include soil
  fertility, pollinators of plants, predators,
  decomposition of wastes, purification of the air
  and water, stabilization and moderation of the
  climate, decrease of flooding, drought and other
  environmental disasters.

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What is Biodiversity and its Importance? NCERT
Biology Class 12

• It has been proved through the studies that more
  diverse an ecosystem is, the better it can
  withstand environmental disasters and it will be
  more productive.
• Economic benefits to humans For all human
  beings, biodiversity is an essential resource for
  their daily life. Biodiversity serves in the
  production of food, pharmaceutical, medicines,
  and cosmetic products.
• Food Food products are crops, livestock,
  forestry, and fish.
• Medication Many wild plant species have been
  used for medicinal purposes since before the
  beginning of recorded history. For example,
  quinine (Used to treat malaria). Quinine is
  obtained from the bark of the Amazonian tree
  Cinchona tree morphine from the poppy plant
  (pain relief) etc. According to the National
  Cancer Institute of the USA, more than 70 of
  the hopeful anti-cancer drugs are obtained from
  plants in the tropical rainforests. Animals may
  also play an important role in obtaining
  medicines.

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What is Biodiversity and its Importance? NCERT
Biology Class 12

• Industry Raw materials for several industries
  like, fibres for clothing, wood for shelter and
  warmth come from biodiversity. Other industrial
  materials are oils, lubricants, perfumes,
  fragrances, dyes, paper, waxes, rubber, latexes,
  resins, poisons and cork can be derived from
  varithe ous plant species. Materials we get from
  the animal are wool, silk, fur, leather,
  lubricants, waxes. Most important is that animals
  are used as a mode of transportation.
• Tourism and Recreation Biodiversity is a source
  of economic prosperity in many areas. Many
  national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and forests
  provide a natural habitat to wildlife. Animals in
  their beautiful and natural habitat are a source
  of attraction and joy for many people. Ecotourism 
  is a growing outdoor recreational activity.
  Ecotourism is a form of tourism, which involves
  visiting fragile, primeval, and relatively
  undisturbed natural areas. It is a form of
  responsible travel to natural areas that
  conserves the environment.

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What is Biodiversity and its Importance? NCERT
Biology Class 12
Ethical importance The most important role of
biodiversity is to reflect of our relationships
with the other living species, realizing every
persons duties, and apply their understanding
and education. If humans consider every species
have a right to exist, they cannot cause their
extinction voluntarily. Besides, biodiversity is
also part of many cultures spiritual
heritage.   For more inquiries, CBSE class 12
Science, articles, video lectures, CBSE exam
alerts, Syllabus, sample papers for Class 12th,
register with Takshila Learning.
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What is Biodiversity and its Importance? NCERT
Biology Class 12

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