KOLEROGA AND COFFEE RUST

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Welcome to Botany seminar
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PLANT PATHOLOGY Coffee rust and
Koleroga

• Representation by - Syed furkhan
• 1st year B.Sc
• 2nd sem cbz

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RURAL DEGREE COLLEGE KANAKAPURA2018-19
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Coffee Rust

• General Account
• Coffee rust generally means Fungal
  disease of plants which
  results in
  reddish or brownish patches.
• First reported in 1861 by british explorer.
• First recorded by H.J Berkeley and Mr.Broome
  (1869).
• Reported from srilanka in 1868 and following
  year in state Karnataka.
• It also seen in Indonasia , Malyasia and Fuji
  Island.
• Among species of coffee ,
• Coffee arabica - Most sensitive to
  pathogen,
• Coffee robusta - Most resistant naturally

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Causal Organism

• Hemileia vastatrix
• Division - Basidiomycota
• Class - Basidiomycetes/Pucciniomycetes
  (new)
• Order - Uredinales / Pucciniales (new)
• Family - Pucciniaceae
• Discovery Berk and Broome(Nov 1869)
• along with record of coffee rust.
• Complete its infection in host within 24-48 hours.

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Infection process
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Symptoms

• Infection mostly seen in leaf blade
• and rarely in berries.
• Appearance of small yellowish
• spots under the surface of leaf.
• Spots size Initially 1-2 mm ,
• Later enlarge to 10-15mm.
• Colour of spots Changes from yellow to orange .
• Later powdery masses of rusts spores seen on the
  surface.
• Corresponding to rust spots chlorotic lession
  can be seen.
• Infection even manifest seen on upper surface of
  leaf.
• Leaves dry up and become dark in color and drop
  down.
• Damage to the crop is very serve when the young
  foliage is infected.

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Control measures

• Spraying Cu fungicides like Bordeaux mixture
  (0.5).
• Once before Monsoon and again
• during a break in the monsoon.
• Coffee varieties like Coorg and
• Kemp had some natural resistances.
• But these also become succeptable to new races
  of fungi.
• Growing disease resistant varieties.
• In some areas fungicides are sprayed 3
• times with an interval of 4 - 6 weeks
• starting from early May.
• Field Sanitisation condition andProper
  maintainances of canopy cover seem s to more
  effective control of disease.

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Kole roga

• General account -
• Koleroga is disease of an areca palm caused by
  a fungus phytophthora
  palmivora or P.areca.
• First noticed in 1917 by Edwin John Butler.
• Mahali Malayalam , Fruit rot English.
• Mostly seen in Arecanut /Betel nut
• also seen in coocunt.
• It occur every year in rainy season.
• It occur in Malnad, Mysore, North and
• South kenara, , Malbar and other areas.

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Causal Organism

• Phytophthora palmivora / Phytopthera areca
• Phylum - Heterokontophyta (new)
• Class - Phycomycetes / Oomycota (new)
• Order - Peronosporales
• Family - Phythiaceae / Peronosporaceae
  (new)
• Disease caused by this in coconut and areca nut
  is Fruit rot / Koleroga.
• It also cause Bud rot of palms which is seen in
  Srilanka, Sumatra etc,.

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Process of infection
Spores penetrating surface cells
Absorbing nutrients from cell
Multiplicating Hyphae
Mature Mycelium growth
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Symptoms

• Symptoms appear after onset of Monsoon in July.
• Appearance of water soaked areas on nuts.
• Disease spread gradually to entire nut
  and infected nut drop down.
• Fallen nut is discolored and covered
• with a white mantle of fungal mycelium.
• Infection starts from base of fruit
• and spread to tip portion.
• Pericarp of nut become shrivelled
• and kernal get destroyed.
• Normally infection is confined to bunches of nut,
  but it may spread to the crown of trees results
  in its decay. This is called Crown rot.

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Mode of Infection

• Disease spread from tree to tree , from garden to
  garden during hot humidity.
• Environmental Factors
• Heavy rain fall.
• Constant humidity.
• Intermitant rains followed
• by Sunshine .

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Control measures

• Cleanliness and sanitation in garden.
• Preventing water logging.
• Destruction of diseased
• nut eve tree tops.
• Spraying boredeaux mixture is effective.
• Spraying 0.25 of perenox once in may and
• again six week later
• during monsoon.
• Spraying Fytolan at monthly
• intervals during summer.
• Spraying Fungicides during monsoon.

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Thank you