Role Of Amla Fruit As A Growth Promoter

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Role Of Amla Fruit As A Growth Promoter In
Commercial Broiler Chickens
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• Emblica officinalis or Amla is extensively
  cultivated all over India. Potent with the
  quality of re-vitalisation, the fruits of the
  plant are used in Ayurveda as an anti-stress
  agent.
• Further, the phyto-chemical analysis
  of Amla fruit powder reveals the presence of
  medicinally important bioactive compounds which
  can be extensively used to improve productivity
  in broilers.
• Amla fruit is one of the richest sources of
  ascorbic acid, minerals, amino acids, tannins,
  and phenolic compounds like gallic and tannic
  acids. These compounds serve as the growth
  promoters in broiler chickens.

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What are Growth Promoters?

• Growth promoters are chemical and biological
  substances added to the diet with the aim to
  improve the growth, utilisation of nutrients and
  enhance the production and financial results in
  animal husbandry.
• The positive effect of these growth promoters is
  expressed through better appetite, improved body
  weight and feed conversion ratio (FCR),
  stimulation of the immune system and increased
  vitality, etc.
• But, why these growth promoters are added to the
  chickens diet?
• This is because of the ban on the use of
  antibiotic growth promoters in poultry. Herbal
  preparations are being tried as feed additives as
  an alternative to antibiotics to increase feed
  efficiency and growth rate in broiler chickens.

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How Amla acts as a Growth Promoter in Broiler
Chickens?

• This research was carried out at Institutional
  Animal Ethics Committee of College of Veterinary
  Science and Animal Husbandry, Sardarkrushinagar
  Dantiwada Agricultural University, Gujarat.
• 1351-day-old, unsexed broiler chicks (Ven-Cobb
  400 strain) were purchased from a local hatchery,
  weighed, and randomly assigned to one of the
  three treatments with three replicates of 15
  chicks based on a completely randomised design.

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The three treatments were as follows

• T1 Basal diet as per BIS standards
• T2 Basal diet supplemented with 0.4 of Emblica
  officinalisfruit powder
• T3 Basal diet supplemented with 0.8 of Emblica
  officinalisfruit powder.

They raised broilers on deep litter housing
system for 6 weeks. Feed and water were
provided to them throughout the experiment as per
their need.
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Broilers were fed in three phases as per BIS
(Bureau of Indian Standards) specifications

• Pre-starter (0-10 days)
• Starter (11-21 days)
• Finisher (22-42 days)

Chicks were individually weighed at weekly
intervals along with their feed consumption and
FCR (FCRfeed intake/weight gain). Mortality was
recorded daily.
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Results of the Research
The average body weight of the birds at the end
of 6th week was higher in the groups T2 and
T3 compared to the group T1. In other words, the
birds whose diet was supplemented with E.
officinalis fruit powder at the rate of 0.4 and
0.8 had higher overall body weights at the end
of 6th week compared to un-supplemented group.
They also had higher weekly body weight gain.
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What can you Conclude from the Research?

• The higher body weights observed in E.
  Officinalis supplemented groups can be attributed
  to the anabolic and antioxidant effect of
  ascorbic acid, gallic acid and tannic acids
  present in Amla.
• The research results are further backed by
  various preclinical findings where an increase in
  the body weight of the birds fed with polyherbal
  feed premix containing Amla was observed.

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• The cost of the feed per kilogram of live weight
  production was similar among the treatment
  groups. However, the profit per bird was the
  highest in group T2 followed by group T3  and
  lowest in group T1. The higher net profit per
  bird in E. Officinalis supplemented groups can be
  attributed to higher body weight compared to the
  un-supplemented group and similar feed intakes
  among all the treatment groups.
• Though the research results indicate that dietary
  addition of E. officinalis (Amla) fruit powder at
  the rate of 0.4 and 0.8 had higher growth rate
  and net profit per bird in commercial broiler
  chickens.

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Reference
Patel AP, Bhagwat SR, Pawar MM, Prajapati KB,
Chauhan HD, Makwana RB. Evaluation of Emblica
officinalis fruit powder as a growth promoter in
commercial broiler chickens. Vet World.
20169(2)207-10.
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