Comprehensive Eye Check Up

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Comprehensive Eye Check Up
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Comprehensive eye exam each year is the best way
to enjoy good vision throughout your life. Many
eye and vision problems have no obvious signs or
symptoms. As a result, individuals are often
unaware that problems exist. Early diagnosis and
treatment of eye and vision problems are
important for maintaining good vision and eye
health, and when possible, preventing vision loss.
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Tests Used during Eye Examinations
There are many common tests your eye doctor uses
during an eye examination. Some of these are
listed below
Vision Testing Vision testing involves making
a person read standard sized letters at a
specified distance. The doctors record the vision
as a fraction e.g. 6/6 etc. The top number
denotes the distance (in feet) at which the
patient has been able to read the particular
sized letter while the bottom number indicates
the distance at which a normal person is expected
to read the same letter. Near vision is tested
separately in good illumination using special
test charts held at normal reading distance. The
testing is done with each eye separately. The
doctors often test the vision using a pinhole.
This gives an estimate of improvement possible
with glasses. The patient in place of glasses
cannot use the pinhole.
Refraction - This test uses an instrument
referred to as a phoropter. It looks kind of like
a space age eye examination machine with varying
lenses. Your eye doctor will use this instrument
to test various lenses against your eyes,
enabling the eye doctor to determine the best
power prescription for your eyeglasses or
contacts. The phoropter measure the exact level
of astigmatism, myopia or hyperopia you may have.
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Tonometry - This test is important to determine
the eye pressure in the evaluaton for glaucoma.
There are various ways to test the intraocular
pressure (IOP) or eye pressure. Non-Contact
Tonometry is typically performed by the
technician. Many of you know this test as the
puff of air test. Contact Tonometry is
performed by your eye doctor by a probe that
touches the eye. But because a numbing drop is
used during this test, you wont feel a thing.
Infact, most patients prefer this method over the
puff of air. Retinoscopy - This is a technique
to obtain the objective measurement of your
prescription. It provides a way to estimate what
your vision prescription may be. It can either be
performed by an automated machine or it can be
done manually with a retinoscope. The retinoscope
shines a bright light into the eye, while the
doctor is observing the reflection off your
retina, he or she can determine your estimated
prescription. 
Refraction - This test uses an instrument
referred to as a phoropter. It looks kind of like
a space age eye examination machine with varying
lenses. Your eye doctor will use this instrument
to test various lenses against your eyes,
enabling the eye doctor to determine the best
power prescription for your eyeglasses or
contacts. The phoropter measure the exact level
of astigmatism, myopia or hyperopia you may have.
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Cover Test - During this test, your eye doctor
will cover one eye at a time to detect any ocular
deviation such as strabismus also known as an eye
turn or lazy eye. Essentially, it measures how
well your eye works together and helps detects
problems including poor depth perception.   Slit
Lamp - During this test the doctor uses a special
high power microscope to examine the structures
of your eye, testing for infections or ocular
diseases. You place your chin on a chin rest,
while your eye doctor reviews your ocular
structures through the microscope. This test is
beneficial for detecting conjunctivitis and other
common eye diseases as well as more serious
ocular conditions such as cataracts and macular
degeneration.   Dilated Fundus Exam - This test
requires the doctor place an eye drop in the eyes
in order to dilate the pupil. With the pupils
dilated, it creates a larger window for your
doctor to look inside the eyes. The drops
typically take 15-20 minutes to take effect. Once
pupil dilated your doctor will test your eyes for
various eye diseases. This is an important test
for measure the health of the internal structures
of the eye.
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A-Scan - biometry by immersion has better
reproducibility, which leads to an overall
increase in accuracy. The immersion technique can
be performed rapidly and with greater confidence
than the applanation method. Making the change
from the Applanation to immersion is well worth
the small learning curve. Visual Field Screening
- This test is usually performed by the eye care
assistant, also known as a technician, with the
assistance of a machine to analyze your visual
field. The machine then prints out a detailed
reading of areas of the vision that were or were
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