ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
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WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE(AI) ?
In computer science , Artificial Intelligence(AI)
, also called Machine Intelligence , is
intelligence demonstrated by machines , in
contrast to the Natural Intelligence displayed by
humans . In other words Artificial Intelligence
is a capability of machine to behave like a human
(i.e. it may feel, it may think and many more
things that humans perform should be performed by
the machine very easily).

OR The ability of a digital computer or computer
controlled robot to perform tasks like humans.
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TYPES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
(On basis of Functionalities)
a)Reactive Machines It is the basic form of AI.
It does not contain past memory and it cannot use
past memory for the future operations. Ex IBM
Chess program b)Limited Memory This type of AI
is used in Self Driving Cars. They observe other
cars speed and direction. These observations are
stored and saved in the programming part of the
AI system which may be used by the AI system in
future. But this type of AI system fails when
their comes a new situation or condition. This AI
system does not know about any new conditions or
situations.
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TYPES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
(On basis of Functionalities)
c)Theory of Mind This type of AI should be able
to understand peoples emotions, beliefs ,
thoughts ,expectations. This type of AI are also
able to interact socially. This is not the AI
system which we humans are thinking or thinking
to get. We want more Innovations in AI
system. d) Self Awareness It is an AI which is
a complete human being i.e. it contains its own
conscious, self awareness and super intelligent.
This kind of AI is not possible , it is just a
thinking.
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WAYS TO ACHIEVE AI
1.)Machine Learning(ML) It is a method in which
a target is defined and is achieved by working in
small steps and these steps are done by machine
itself . in this type of AI machine gains
experience and save it for future use. For
example, to identify a small object such as apple
or mango we are not able to explain or code about
the details of apple or mango. We are able to
simply show the small thing to the machine so
that it should save all details about it, such as
size, shape, colour etc.
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WAYS TO ACHIEVE AI
2.)Natural Language Processing(NLP) In this way
the software will automatically manipulate the
natural language like speech and text. One of the
well known examples of this is email
spam. 3.)Vision It is the field which enables
machines to see. In this all the Visual
information is captured and analysed with the
help of camera, Analog to Digital conversion, and
digital signal processing. It is usually achieved
by Machine learning to get the best possible
result so we say that these two fields are
interlinked.
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WAYS TO ACHIEVE AI
4.)Robotics It is the field of engineering which
deals with the design and manufacturing of
robots. Robots are same in looking as humans and
perform tasks that are difficult to perform by
humans. These are more consistent than
humans. Sophia is a good example of robot which
interacts socially.
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ADVANTAGES OF AI
1.)Error Reduction AI has low error rate as
compared to humans, if coded properly. It is more
precise, accurate and fast. 2.)Difficult
Exploration In mining we use Artificial
Intelligence and Science of Robotics 3.)Account
Management It become very easy and secure with
the help of AI. All banking and financial
institutions are using AI for Account
Management. 4.) Fraud Detection AI is also used
to detect fraud in all smart card based systems.
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ADVANTAGES OF AI
5.) No Breaks Machine do not require any break
or refreshment like humans as machines are
programmed for long hours working.Machines
perform continuously without getting bored. 6.)
time saving As we know that machines can work
continuously with accuracy, no error and does not
need a break so they save our time . 7.)
Increased work efficiency AI system is used to
do the work efficiently and properly without any
errors.
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DISADVANTAGES OF AI
1.)High Cost Creation of Artificial Intelligence
is very costly as it requires a lot of complex
machines for its development. Its maintenance is
also very costly. 2.)Lesser Jobs As the AI
system and Robots are doing the work more
efficiently than humans hence taking the place of
humans and decreasing the job opportunities for
humans. 3.)Make Humans Lazy As we give most of
our work to robots we are making ourselves
lazier. 4.) Addiction We are becoming addicted
to AI systems which is not good for us.
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CONCLUSION
As a result we have studied Artificial
Intelligence, its types and ways to achieve it.
We also learn about the advantages and
disadvantages of AI system in this article.
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