GENETIC TESTING (1)

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GENETIC TESTING
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GENETICS

• Branch of biology deals with study of
  genes,genetic variation and other heredity in
  organisms.
• Genetic technologies help to develop targeted
  medicines for certain diseases.
• Genetics offers wide range of applications.
• Eg Genetic fingerprinting used to catch
  criminals.

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GENETIC TESTING

• It is the process of examining a sample of blood
  or other body fluids or tissue for the diagnosis
  of vulnerabilities to inherited disease.

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TYPES OF GENETIC TESTING

• Newborn Screening
• Diagnostic Testing
• Carrier Testing
• Prenatal Testing
• Preimplementation Testing
• Predective and Presymptomatic Testing
• Forensic Testing

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NEWBORN SCREENING

• To identify the genetic disorders of a newborn
  baby.
• Can be treated early in life.
• Phenylketonuria - genetic disorder that causes
  intellectual disability
• Hypothyroidism- disorder of thyroid gland

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DIAGNOSTIC TESTING

• To identify a specific genetic or chromosomal
  condition.
• Can be performed before birth.
• Also be done at any time in persons life.
• Can influence a persons health care choice.
• Helps to manage the disorder.

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CARRIER TESTING

• Identification of person who carry one copy of
  gene mutation.
• Used in persons having family history of genetic
  disorder

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PRENATAL TESTING

• To detect changes in a fetuss genes or
  chromosomes before birth.
• Testing is offered during pregnancy.
• Cannot identify all possible inherited disorders
  and birth defects.

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PREIMPLEMENTATION TESTING

• Known as Preimplementation Genetic Diagnosis
  (PGD)
• Reduces the risk of having a child with a
  particular genetic or chromosomal disorder.
• Detect genetic changes in embryos created in
  in-vitro fertilization.

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PREDECTIVE AND PRESYMPTOMATIC TESTING

• Done after birth.
• To detect gene mutation associated with
  disorders.
• Predective testing- identify mutations egcancer
• Presymptomatic testing - determine whether a
  person will develop a genetic disorder.
• Help with making decision about medical care.

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FORENSIC TESTING

• Uses DNA sequences to identify an individual for
  legal purposes.
• Not used to identify gene mutation.
• Helps to identify the crime.
• To establish biological relationships.

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