NEPAL INTRO

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WELCOME AND NAMASTE

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Prepared by Sabina Parajuli South China
Agriculture University
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• A brief Introduction of Nepal
• Agriculture in Nepal
• Nepal China bilateral
  Relationship

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Nepal in world map
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• Nepal, a sovereign Independent Kingdom, lies
  between 80 degree 12' east longitude and 26
  degree 22' and 30 degree 27' north latitude. It
  is bounded on the north by the Tibet Autonomous
  Region of the People's Republic of China on the
  east, south and the west by different regions of
  India.
• The length of the Kingdom is 885 kilometers
  east-west and its breadth varies from 145 to 241
  kilometers north-south. The total area of Nepal
  is 147,181 sq. km.
• The capital city of Nepal is Kathmandu.
• Nepali is the national language.
• The currency of Nepal is Nepali Rupee (1USD
  115.635 NPR)

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Map of Nepal with seven states
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UNIQUE FLAG OF NEPAL
The national  flag of Nepal  is  the  world's 
only  nonquadrilateral  national flag. The flag is
 a simplified  combination  of two  single 
pennons,  the vexillological word for a pennant. 
Red color is the sign of victory in war. The blue 
border is the color of peace. 
???????????????????? ???????Pennon?????,????????
???????????? ???????????
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History of Nepal

• Nepal has a long glorious history.
•  History reveals dynasties of Ahirs and Gopalas,
  Kirants, Licchavis, Thakuris, Mallas and Shahs
  ruled the country.
• Modern Nepal is an amalgamation of a number of
  fragmented kingdom which had independent entities
  in the past.
• ????????
• ?????????(Ahirs)?????(Gopalas),???(Kirants),????(L
  icchavis),????(Thakuris),???(Mallas)????(Shahs)???
  ???
• ?????????????????????????

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• Political System Federal Republic, multi party
  system,
• executive Prime minister and ceremonial
  president

President- Bidhya Devi Bhandari
Prime minister- Khadga Prasad Oli (K.P. Oli)
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Glimpse of Nepals climate

• Elevation 65m (Kechana, Jhapa) to 8848 m (top
  of the world)
• 1. Tropical lt1000m
• mango, papaya, jack fruits rice and wheat
• 2. Subtropical 1000m-2000m (22 land), Crops
  rice, maize, millet, wheat, potato, stone fruits
  and citrus.
• 3. Temperate 2000-3000m (12 land)
• Crops cold-tolerant rice, maize, wheat, barley,
  potato, apple, walnut, peach, various cole,
  amaranthus and buckwheat.
• 4. Sub alpine 3000-4000m (9land)
• Crops  barley, potato, cabbage, cauliflower,
  amaranthus, buckwheat and apple.
• 5. Alpine 4000-5000m (8 land) .
• No crops yak and sheeps
• Climate Nepal has four major seasons,
  namely,(1) Winter December-February,(2)
  Spring March-May,(3) Summer June-August, (4)
  Autumn September-November.
• Nepal can be visited the whole year round.

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NEPALFACTS AND FIGURES

• Nepal - occupying only 0.01 of the earth - is
  home to
• 2 of all the flowering plants in the world
• 8 of the world's population of birds (more than
  848 species)
• 4 of mammals on earth
• 11 of the world's 15 families of butterflies
  (more than 500 species)
• 600 indigenous plant families
• 319 species of exotic orchids.
• ???-?????0.01-???????
• ??????????2
• ???????8(??848?)
• ???4?????
• ???15???????11?(??500?)
• 600??????
• 319??????

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National Flower, Animal and Bird of Nepal
Rhododendron
Cow
Lophophorus (Danphe)
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National customs of Nepal
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Nepal's People and Ethnic Groups

• . Nepal has 29.3 million populations, according
  to the census of 2010. There are 125 castes and
  123 languages, varieties in costumes and rituals.
  

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Religion

• Hinduisms predominate in Nepal and around 81.3
  of the population are Hindu.
• The next largest religious groups consist of
  Buddhists, 9, and
• Muslims, 4.4of the population.
• Nepal is not only the land of mountains it is
  also the land of festivals. There are more than
  50 festivals celebrated in Nepal every year.
• ????????????,??81.3????????
• ???????????,?9

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Some glimpse of celebrating festival in Nepal
Dashain is biggest festival of hindu people. We
celebrate dashain for 10 days. We worship goddes
Durga for nine days during this festival for her
great victory of the gods over the wicked
demonsThe last day is dashain tika. On this day
we take tika and jamara from our elders and
receive their blessing. ?????????????????????????
????,??????????????,????????????????????????????
???,???????????????,????????
Dashain
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Some glimpse of celebrating festival in Nepal

• Bhaitika

Teej- keeping fasting by married women for the
long life of their husbands
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Some glimpse of celebrating festival in Nepal
Dog tihar
Crow tihar
Cow tihar
We Worship Crow, Dog and Cow in Tihar which
signifies deep relations between human beings and
animals ??????????????,???????????????
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Some glimpse of celebrating festival in Nepal
Lakhe dance
Holi- festival of color
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Some glimpse of celebrating festival in Nepal
Kumari Devi, or Living Goddess Nepal
The word Kumari is derived from the Sanskrit
Kaumarya, meaning "princess". A Nepali Kumari is
believed to be the living incarnation of the
goddess Taleju also known as Durga.The idea
behind this leads to writings stating that the
goddess resides in all female living beings in
this universe of which the cosmos was made from
her womb. Kumari??????Kaumarya,?????
????Kumari???????(Taleju)??(??????(Durga))????,???
???????????????????????????,????????????
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Some glimpse of celebrating festival in Nepal
Losar
Christmas
Id
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Mountains of Nepal
Nepal is the country of Himalayas. It contains
Eight of the fourteen eight-thousands Mountains
whose altitude is higher than 8000 masl.
????????????? ??????????8000??????????
Mountain/Peak metres feet
Mount Everest 8,848 29,029
Kanchenjunga 8,586 28,169
Lhotse 8,516 27,940
Makalu 8,463 27,766
Cho Oyu 8,201 26,906
Dhaulagiri I 8,167 26,795
Manaslu 8,156 26,759
Annapurna I 8,091 26,545
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Mt. Everest- Tallest mountain in the world
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Mountains of Nepal
Kanchanjunga
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(No Transcript)
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Machapuchre
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Dhaulagiri
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Most visited places of Nepal
Pashupatinath Temple
Kathmandu city
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Most visited places of Nepal
Janakpur
Patan Darbar square
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Most visited places of Nepal
Muktinath Temple
Pokhara city of lakes
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Most visited places of Nepal
Everest Base Camp
Lumbini- Birth place of Gautam Budha
Khaptad
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Lakes of Nepal
Rara lake
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Lakes of Nepal
Tilicho lake
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Lakes of Nepal
Se-phoksundo lake
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Dont miss
water rafting thrill
and excitement ????
?????
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Bungee jumping-real adventure at falling from the
high altitude at the real and natural
places ?????????????????????
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 Paragliding-flying like a bird ?????????
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Agriculture in Nepal

• Agriculture practice in Nepal is subsistence
  type, Monsoon dependent and under developed .
  Around 65 Nepalese are involved in agriculture
  and it supports 33 to national GDP.
• Lands are fragmented and people use traditional
  type farming but with the changing world
  Nepalese farmers are also adopting modern farming
  technologies nowadays.
• Most of the farmer are involved in organic
  farming like coffee, orange, apple, mushroom etc.
  
• ??????????????,????,????? ?????65????????,???????
  ?33?
• ????,????????,????????,?????????????????
• ???????????,???,??,??,????

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Agriculture in Nepal
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• Major staple food crops- Rice, maize, millet,
  wheat, barley and buckwheat
• Cash crops-oilseeds, potato, tobacco, sugarcane,
  jute and cotton
• Pulse crops-lentil, gram, pigeon pea, blackgram,
  horsegram and soyben
• Fruits- Apple, peach, pear, plum, walnut,
  orange, lime, lemon, mango, lichi, banana,
  pineapple, papaya,
• Vegetable- Potato, Cauliflower, Beans, cucurbits,
  ladys finger, brinjal and several leafy
  vegetables.
• Major Livestock- Buffalo, cow, goat, sheep, Yak
  or Chauri and poultry

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Major insect pest in Nepal

• Chickpea pod borer,
• Helicoverpa armigera Hubner
• Red ant, Dorylus orientalis Westwood
• Cutworm, Agrotis sp.
• Whiter Grub
• Army worm, Mythimna sp.
• Tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera sp.
• Fruit fly complex
• Mite complex
• Ginger rhizome
• Cereal borer complex (Rice, Coffee white stem
  borer )
• Sugarcane pests
• Plassey borer management Early shoot borer
  management Seed bed beetle, Heteronychus sp
• Storage pests
• Tropical Fruit
• Mango stem borer, Mango mealy bug, Mango
  mealy bug, Mango hopper, Banana weevil
• Temperate fruit

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Major Crop diseases of Nepal

• Major viral diseases in Nepal
• Rice Tungro virus, Rice dwarf virus, Citrus
  Tristeza virus, Papaya Ringspot Potyvirus,
  PLRV, PVS, PVX, PVY, PVA and PVM for potato,
  Tomato leaf curl virus (TLCV), cucumber
  mosaic virus(CMV)
• Bacterial diseases
• Bacterial leaf blight of rice (Xanthomonas
  oryzae pv. oryzae), Bacterial wilt
• of potato and tomato (Ralstonia solanacearum),
  Citrus greening (Candiditus liberibacter), Citrus
• canker (Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri), Soft
  rot of potato (Erwinia carotovora pv.
  atroseptica)
• and Black rot of crucifers (Xanthomonas
  campestris pv. campestris)

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Management of crop disease and insect/pest

• Farmers use chemical pesticides to control the
  pests.
• Nowadays most of the farmers are practicing IPM
  in their farms.
• Plant protection Department of Agriculture,
  NARC(National Agricultural Research Center) and
  IAAS( Institute of Agriculture and Animal
  Science) etc. are conducting different kinds of
  research on insect/pest and crop diseases
  management.
• ??????????????
• ??,?????????????IPM?
• ???????,NARC(????????)?IAAS(???????????)????????/?
  ????????????

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Relationship between China and Nepal
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• The diplomatic relations between Nepal and China
  was established in 1955. The friendship and
  cooperation between China and Nepal has opened a
  new chapter.
• There are some history also about Nepal-China
  relationships, like Manjushri from the Wutai
  Mountains in China, cut open the mountain with
  his sword and drained the water from the lake,
  thus creating the Kathmandu Valley.
• Songtsen Gompo, King of the Tubo Kingdom in the
  Tang Dynasty married a Nepalese princess
  Bhrikuti.
• The Nepalese artisan Arniko built a Buddhist
  pagoda in Lhasa in the Yuan Dynasty. The White
  Pagoda in Beijing's Miao Ying Temple was also
  built under his supervision
• ???????1955???????????????????
• ?????????????????,??????????????(Manjushri),??????
  ???????,????????????
• ???????????????????Bhrikuti???
• ?????Arniko???????????????? ???????????????????

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• China and Nepal have maintained sound
  coordination and cooperation in regional and
  international affairs such as peace, development,
  human rights and UN reform.
• China is the second largest trading partner and
  largest source of Foreign Direct Investment in
  Nepal.
• China provides scholarships every year not
  exceeding a total of 100 Nepalese students
  studying in China
• Nepal has road connectivity via Rasuwagadhi and
  Tatopani for trade and international travelers.
• Nepal has direct air link with Lhasa, Chengdu,
  Beijing, Kunming, Guangzhou and Hong Kong SAR of
  China
• ?????,??,??,??????????????????????????
• ???????????????????????????

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Recently President Xi Jinping visited
Nepal, the first visit by a Chinese leader to the
Himalayan country in 23 years. The two sides
signed 20 deals across a range of areas,
including health, agriculture and
tourism. ?????????????,???????23????????
????? ?????,??????????????20????
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To explore more about Nepal, You
must visit Nepal once. Government of Nepal has
declared year 2020 as tourism Year and
celebrating visit Nepal 2020. Government of
Nepal had also declared that they will provide
free visa to the citizens of People s Republic
of China for the tourism year. Get ready to get
'Lifetime Experience. ?????????????,??????
?????   ???????2020?????,???2020???????  
????????,?????????????????????????
??????????

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Thank You