agad tantra upvisha arka and sanuhi

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BABE KE AYURVEDIC MEDICAL COLLEGE
(MOGA) DEPARTMENT OF AGAD TANTRA

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• SUBMITTED BY
• MANAS
• 3rd year
• 2017 BATCH

SUBMITTED TO Dr. BINDIA GUPTA (HOD PROFF) Dr.
RAVI DHALIA(ASSIST. PROFF)
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???? ?? ???????? ?????? (mucous membrane), ??? ??
????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????
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?? ????????? ?? ???????? ????, ?? ???? ???? ????,
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• ????????? (poisoning) ?? ????? ?????????? ???
• ???????? ??????? (Gastrointestinal irritation) -
  ????????? ???, ??? ?? ????? ?? ?????? (diarrhea)
  ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??
  ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ???, ??
  ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? (irritant) ?? ???? ????
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• ?????? - ?? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? (metabolic)
  ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???????????? ???????
  ?????????????? (toxaemia) ?? ???? ???? ??? ????
  ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????
  ????? ??? ????????????, ???????? ?? ???????? ???,
  ????????, ?????????? (hyocyanine) ??? ??? ?????
  ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????
  ??????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???

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• ??????????? (coma) - ????????????? (cerebral)
  ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????????? ???
  ????????? ???? ??? ????????? ???????????? ??
  ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ????
• ??? (Convulsions) - ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???
  (?) ????????? ?? ???????? ????, ?? ????? ?????
  ???????, ???? ?????????? (strychnine), ?? ???????
  ???? ?? (????? ???????? (tone) ???? ?? ?? ??????
  ??????? ???? ??),(?) ????????????? ?? ??????????
  ???? ??? ??????????? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ???
  ?????? (clonic) ???? ?????????? ?? ???? ????
  ?????????????? ????, ????, ???? ?????? ??
  ???????? ???? ?????? ????
• ?????? ??????? (Peripheral neuritis) - ????,
  ???????? ????, ???? ??? ?? ???????? (chronic)
  ????????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ????
  ??, ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ????????
  (gastrointestinal) ??????? ?? ???? ???

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????????? ?? ????? ?????

• ????????? ?? ????? ????? (emergency treatment) ??
  ???, ?????? ?????? (toxin) ?? ???? ??? ??,
  ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????
• ???????? ????, ??????????? (lavage), ??????
  (catharsis) ?? ??????? (diuresis) ?????? ??? ??
  ????????
• ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? (antidote) ???? ???
  ?? ????????? ???? ?? ?? ??????????? ?? ??????
• ??????? (shock), ??? (collapse) ?? ???? ???????
  ????????????? (manifestations) ?? ???? ?? ????
  ?????? ?????

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INTRODUCTION - CALOTROPIS

• It is a large shrub growing to 4 m (13 ft) tall.
• It has clusters of waxy flowers that are either
  white or lavender in colour. each flower consists
  of five pointed petals and a small "crown" rising
  from the center which holds the stamens. the
  aestivation found in Calotropis is Valvate i.e.
  sepals or petals in a whorl just touch one
  another at the margin, without overlapping.
• The plant has oval, light green leaves and milky
  stem. The latex of calotropis gigantea contains
  cardiac glycosides, fatty acids, and calcium
  oxalate. The roots also contain calotropone.

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DESCRIPTION OF PLANT

• Calotropis is a poisonous plant.
• The active principles are uscharin, calotoxin,
  calactin, and calotropin.
• The leaves and stem when incised yield thick
  milky juice. It is used as an arrow poison,
  cattle poison , rarely for suicide and homicide
  and mostly an accidental poison.

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POISION FACTORS OF PLANT

• The milky latex sap of Calotropis gigantea is a
  known cause of toxic keratoconjunctivitis and
  reversible vision loss.
• Crownflower keratitis is a rare condition and is
  usually the result of accidental ocular exposure
  to the sap. During the process of making a
  Hawaiian lei flower necklace, touching the sap
  and then touching the ocular surface may result
  in crownflower keratitis.

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• Damage (poisoning) of the cornea endothelium
  results in corneal stromal edema and decreased
  visual acuity. Although there is some permanent
  damage to the corneal endothelium with decreased
  endothelial cell count and irregular shape, the
  remaining corneal endothelial cells usually
  recover with complete resolution of the corneal
  edema and a return to normal visual acuity. The
  condition is usually self-limited and resolves
  faster with topical steroids.

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• The clinical course of this condition suggests
  that Calotropis is paradoxically relatively
  nontoxic to corneal epithelium and highly toxic
  to corneal endothelium. The painless clinical
  course may be related to anesthetic properties of
  Calotropis latex and relatively minor epithelial
  injury

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ACTIVE PRINCIPLE

• CALOTROPIN
• CALTOXIN
• USCHARIN

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Signs and symptoms

• Applied to the skin, it causes redness and
  vesication.
• When taken orally, the juice produces an acrid,
  bitter taste and burning pain in throat and
  stomach, salivation, stomatitis, vomiting,
  diarrhea, dilated pupils, tetanic convulsions,
  collapse and death.

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REFERANCE IN SAMHITAS

• In the Paushya chapter of the Adi Parva portion
  of the Indian epic Mahabharata, a disciple of the
  rishi Ayoda-Daumya named Upamanya goes blind by
  eating the leaves of the plant which in Sanskrit
  is called arka.
• However, in India, among the general public, it
  is the belief that akada (arka) is a poisonous
  plant and can make people intoxicated. Lord Shiva
  is offered akada along with dhatura (botanically
  Datura metel) (extremely toxic) flowers on
  auspicious days.
• "????????? ?? ???" is the name of the tree and
  flowers are called as "????" ?? "????????? ??
  ???" in Hindi respectively.In Hindu mythology, it
  is considered the favourite flower of Lord Shiva
  and hence its flowers are commonly offered to the
  deity. It is a belief that the flower makes the
  deity happy, subsequent to which he showers his
  blessings upon the worshippers

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POST-MORTEM APPEARANCES

• SWELLING IN STOMACH AND INTERASTINES
• CONTRACTION IN LIVER,SPLEEN,KIDNEY,BRAIN
• EYE BALL TANGLED
• FROATH FROM MOUTH

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DOSES

• FATAL DOSE- NO ANY REGULAR QUANTITY
• FATAL PERIOD- APROXIMATE 24 HRS

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MEDICOLEGAL IMPORTANCE

• FOR ABORTION
• KILL ENEMY AND ANIMALS BY ARROW
• TO MAKE FAKE WOUNDS

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INTRODUCTION- EUPHORBIA

• Euphorbia tirucalli (commonly known as aveloz,
  Indian tree spurge, naked lady, pencil tree,
  pencil cactus, milk bush
• a tree that grows in semi-arid tropical
  climates. A hydrocarbon plant, it produces a
  poisonous latex that can cause temporary blindness

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DESCRIPTION OF PLANT

• The pencil tree is a shrub or small tree with
  pencil-thick, green, smooth, succulent branches
  that reaches heights of growth of up to 7 meters.
  It has a cylindrical and fleshy stem with fragile
  succulent twigs that are 7 mm thick, often
  produced in whorls, longitudinally, finely
  striated. The oval leaves are 1 to 2.5 cm long
  and about 3 to 4 mm wide they usually fall off
  early. It contains a milky, toxic and corrosive
  sap. The yellow flowers are at the ends of the
  branches

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POISION FACTORS OF PLANT

• The milky latex from E. tirucalli is extremely
  irritating to the skin and mucosa and is toxic.
  Exposure to it can cause temporary blindness.
  Skin contact causes severe irritation, redness
  and a burning sensation. If ingested, it can
  cause burns to the mouth, lips and tongue. It is
  suggested to wear eye protection gear and gloves
  for handling the plant.

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ACTIVE PRINCIPAL

• EUPHORBIA
• CALCIUM MANDELATE

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SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

• WOUNDS IN SKIN
• EYE CATARACT,EYE SWELLING,BURNING
• SEVERE VOMITING,DIRROHEA

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DOSE

• FATAL DOSE- NO ANY ACCURATE MEASURE
• FATAL PERIOD- NO ANY ACCURATE TIME

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TREATMENT

• NORMAL TREATMENT USED FOR DRUG
• CALOTROPIS AND TARMARIND JUICE
• VAMAN AND VIRECHNA

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BIBILIOGRAPHY

• 1.Forensic science and toxicology
• 2. Foreword HD. In PDR for herbal medicines. 4.
  Montvale N. J., Thomson Health care Inc
  2007. Google Scholar
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  of taxol, an anticancer drug produced by the
  fungus, Colletotrichum capsici. Engin Life
  Sci. 201111(3)264271. doi 10.1002/elsc.2010001
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• 4. Schümann J, Prockl J, Kiemer AK, Vollmar AM,
  Bang R, Tiegs G. Silibinin protects mice from T
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  medicines a guide for healthcare professionals
  pharmaceutical press. 2003. Google Scholar
• 6. Wambebe C. Development of standardized
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  Dev. 19983111. Google Scholar
• 7. ?????????? ??? ????? ???????

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