What happens when baby's growth is less in pregnancy?

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What happens when baby's growth is less in
pregnancy?
The normal gestation time in which the baby is
born after pregnancy is 9 months that is 39 weeks
, if the growth of foetus is restricted in womb
there might be further problems concerned with
premature birth of the baby. The condition in
which the baby's growth is less in pregnancy is
the Fetal Growth Restriction. Fetal growth
restriction (FGR), also called as intrauterine
growth restriction (IUGR), is condition in which
an unborn baby (fetus) is smaller because of the
incomplete growth rate inside the womb. Fetal
growth restriction doesn't cause long-term
problems. Most babies who have FGR can be catched
up by 2 years of age. severe FGR can  harm a baby
after birth. 
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Fetal Growth Restriction may cause

• Premature birth(birth before 9 months) and low
  birth weight.
• Decrease in oxygen levels
• Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
• Less resistant to infection
• Low Apgar scores 
• Meconium aspiration 
• Uncontrolled body weight
• High red blood cell(RBC) count

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How Is FGR Diagnosed?
Before babies are born, the growth of the 
mother's belly is checked from the top of the
pubic bone to the top of the uterus. 
Prenatal ultrasound is also a method, which is
how FGR is diagnosed. High-frequency sound waves
create pictures of the baby on a computer . These
tests are used to find the Weight and height of
baby. 
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Doctors also might do such tests as

• Monitoring of proper heart functioning of baby
• Testing of mothers body .
• Amniocentesis to look for genetic causes of FGR
  (and sometimes to help them see how mature the
  baby's lungs are).

Causes of Fetal Growth Restriction
One common cause of FGR is a problem to placenta.
If there is any problem in the placenta the
correct amount of Nutrition and blood supply
doesn't passes to the body of the child this
causes FGR. The condition can also be caused due
to certain problems in the mother's body such
as-
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• Advanced diabetes.
• High blood pressure or heart disease
• Infections such as rubella, cytomegalovirus,
  toxoplasmosis, and syphilis
• Kidney disease or lung disease
• Malnutrition or anemia
• Sickle cell anemia
• Autoimmune disease
• Smoking, drinking alcohol, or abusing drugs

The condition FGR is directly deals with upcoming
condition of baby showing the symptoms of
malnutrition, premature birth, lack of mental and
physical being and  other diseases.
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