History of Computer

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HISTORY OF COMPUTER
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The Abacus

• The First Computers were invented by the Chinese
  about 2500 years ago.
• The abacus shown in Figure 1.1, is a calculator,
  
• The Chinese used it to add, subtract, multiply,
  and divide.
• (Find by archeological department)

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The Analytical Engine (A Pre-Electronic computer)

• The first mechanical computer was the analytical
  engine, conceived and partially constructed by
  Charles Babbage in London, England, between 1822
  and 1871.
• People called Father of Computers to Charles
  Babbage.
• It was designed to receive instructions from
  punched cards, make the calculations with the aid
  of a memory bank, and print out solutions to math
  problems.

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The First Electrically Driven Computer

• The first computer designed expressly for data
  processing was patented on January 8, 1889, By
  Dr. Herman Hollerith of New York.
• The prototype model of this electrically operated
  tabulator was built for the U.S. Census Bureau to
  compute results of the 1980 census. Using punched
  cards containing information submitted by
  respondents to the census questionnaire, the
  Hollerith machine made instant tabulations from
  electrical impulses actuated by each hole.
• It then printed out the processed data on tape.
  Dr. Hollerith left the Census Bureau in 1896 to
  establish the Tabulating Machine Company to
  manufacture and sell his equipment. The company
  eventually become IBM. And 80-column punched card
  used by the company.

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The Digital Electronic Computer

• The first modern digital computer, the ABC
  (Atanasoff-Berry Computes), was built in a
  basement on the lowa State University campus in
  Ames. Lowa, between 1939 to 1942.
• The development team was led by john Atanasoff, a
  professor of physics and mathematics, and
  Clifford Berry, a graduate student.
• This machine utilized concepts still in use
  today Binary, arithmetic, parallel processing,
  regenerative memory, separate memory, and
  computer functions.
• When completed, it weighed 750 pounds and could
  store 3000 bits. (4 KB) of data

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In 1945 ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator
and Computer)

• Begun as a classified military project, ENIAC was
  designed to prepare firing and bombing tables for
  U.S. army and Navy.
• It weighed 30 tons. And used 19,000 vacuum
  tubes, 1500 relays, and hundreds of thousands of
  resistors, capacitors, inductors, it required 200
  kilowatts of electrical power to operate.

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