Environmental Pollutions

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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Presented by R.Pragadeeshwari Assistant
Professor Bon Secours College for Women Thanjavur
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• Pollution is a state when an adverse change takes
  place in the natural environment due to the
  introduction of contaminants.
• It can be caused by a variety of chemical
  substances or energy like sound, light, or heat.

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• Particulates like smoke, foreign particles and
  dust, and excess noise or heat, or sound are
  called pollutants.
• Pollutants cause disturbances not only in the
  environment but also in the living entities
• These foreign bodies enter the human body via the
  food chain and also impact the ecological
  balance, even in tiny amounts

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AIR POLLUTIONS

• The release of harmful contaminants including
  toxic gases, particulates, biological molecules,
  chemicals, etc. into the environment is called
  air pollution.
• Gaseous pollutants for damaging the atmosphere
  include carbon monoxide, chlorofluorocarbons(CFCs)
  , sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides that are
  produced by industry and motor vehicles.
• Air pollution causes harmful effects that can be
  detrimental to health.

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• The common causes of Air Pollution are
• Combustion of fossil fuels that causes the
  release of Carbon Dioxide and formation of smog
• Mining activities like underground and surface
  mining generate respirable dust due to emissions
  of particulates and gases including methane and
  oxides of nitrogen etc.
• Factories and vehicles that harm the ozone layer
  due to the generation of smog and industrial air
  conditioners causing the release of destructive
  gases

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• Air pollution is now the worlds fourth-largest
  risk factor for early death.
• According to the most recent State of Global Air
  reportwhich summarizes the latest scientific
  understanding of air pollution around the
  world4.5 million deaths were linked to outdoor
  air pollution exposures in 2019, and another 2.2
  million deaths were caused by indoor air
  pollution.

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Water Pollution

• Water pollution is one of the types of
  environmental pollution that has harmful effects
  widely. It is caused when water bodies like
  rivers, seas, and lakes get polluted with toxic
  matter.
• The particulates and unwanted contaminants are
  generally introduced by humans via activities
  such as oil spills, disposal of industrial waste
  into water, and sewage treatment.

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• Harmful Effects of Water Pollution 
• Imbalance in the ecosystem
• Hazard to marine life
• Water-borne diseases
• Higher mercury levels in water bodies
• Hypertrophication, i.e. when a water body becomes
  overly enriched with nutrients and minerals
  causing excessive growth of algae

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LIGHT POLLUTION

• light pollution, unwanted or excessive artificial
  light. Like noise pollution, light pollution is a
  form of waste energy that can cause adverse
  effects and degrade environmental quality.
• Light pollution adversely affects professional
  and amateur astronomers, as well as casual
  observers of the night sky, because it severely
  reduces the visibility of stars and other
  celestial objects.

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LAND POLLUTION

• Land pollution or the degradation of our soil
  by outside contaminants is largely the result
  of unsustainable agricultural practices, the
  improper disposal of waste (both hazardous and
  non-hazardous), mining (often called mineral
  extraction), illegal dumping and littering.
• Land pollution refers to the deterioration of the
  earths land surfaces at and below ground level.
  It is caused by the accumulation of solid and
  liquid waste materials that contaminate
  groundwater and soil.

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• The Main Causes of Land Pollution
• Litter and Waste -Littering, the improper
  disposal of waste products.
• Urbanization and Construction
• Mining is the extraction of minerals and other
  geological materials from the groundAgriculture
  is foundational for both everyday life, as well
  as the economy as a whole.

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NOISE POLLUTION

• Noise Pollution, unwanted or excessive sound that
  can have deleterious effects on human health,
  wildlife, and environmental quality.
• Noise pollution is commonly generated inside many
  industrial facilities and some other workplaces,
  but it also comes from highway, railway, and
  airplane traffic and from outdoor construction
  activities.

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• Types of Noise Pollution
• Transport Noise
• Neighbourhood Noise
• Industrial Noise
• Noise Pollution Examples
• Unnecessary usage of horns
• Using loudspeakers either for religious functions
  or for political purposes
• Unnecessary usage of fireworks
• Industrial noise
• Construction noise

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